【Objective】The existing scientific literature and production practice have proved that rice planting can effectively improve soda saline-alkali soil. However, there is still a lack of research on how rice planting affects soil structure and infiltration performance to improve saline-alkali land. 【Method】In this paper, the pressurized mercury method was used to study the micro-pore changes of soil in different years of rice planting and the difference of soil infiltration performance was studied by soil column experiment, to clarify the influence of rice planting on the change of saline-alkali soil structure and infiltration performance. 【Result】The result show that the average pore size of soil increased with an increase in the planting years. Specifically, the average pore size of soil in the 7^th year increased by 0.808μm compared with that in the 1^st year. Also, the specific surface area of soil decreased with an increase in planting years, and the specific surface area of soil after 7 years was decreased by 0.087m²·g^–1 compared with that after one year. Soil porosity increased with the planting years, and the soil porosity after 7 years was increased by 8.35% compared with that in the 1^styear. With the increase of planting years, the number of small pores decreased while that of large and medium pores increased. The pore size of the soil planted for 7 years was 28.25% (ranging from 30～75μm) and 12.45% (ranging from 75～200μm). Also, the infiltration performance of the soil was also significantly improved. The steady infiltration rate of soil planted for 7 years was 107 times higher than that of waste land. 【Conclusion】 Planting rice in saline alkali land is conducive to the formation of soil pores and the transformation from small pores to large and medium pores. The increase of soil pore size and porosity can effectively improve soil structure and improve soil infiltration performance. Under the experimental conditions, the leaching rate of salt in saline-alkali soil was increased, thereby enhancing the desalination efficiency of the soil tillage layer.