【Objective】In this study a simulation experiment and a field experiment was carried out, using the cotton variety of Xinluzao 41 to explore effect of oxygenation of irrigation water on content of dissolved oxygen in the irrigation water and effect of oxygenated irrigation on soil nutrient, soil microbes, and nutrient uptake and yield of cotton, the yield of cotton、soil Nutrients and soil microbial quantity in cotton field was studied. 【Method】In the simulation experiment, irrigation water was oxygenated with the aid of a micro bubble generator to four different levels of dissolved oxygen in concentration, that is, CK without oxygenation, O₂ 21%, O₂ 30%, and O₂ 50%. Concentration of dissolved oxygen in the irrigation water was continuously monitored in the main pipe and drip-irrigation pipes. In the field experiment, irrigation water was oxygenated by physical means (PO), by chemical means (CO) and by no means (CK). 【Result】Results show that in oxygenated irrigation, oxygen concentration in the irrigation water increased significantly with oxygenation, but decreased with length of the pipe, and decay intensified with increasing dissolved oxygen concentration, so 12~14 mg L^-1 was; The optimal concentration of dissolved oxygen for oxygenation of irrigation water oxygenated irrigation significantly increased yield of the cotton, which was 11.39% and 11.42% higher in Treatment PO and CO than CK; oxygenated irrigation enhanced nutrient uptake of the cotton, thus lowering the nutrient contents (NPK) and organic manure content as well in the soil; Treatment CO was significantly or 27.23% and 9.61% lower than CK in soil ready available N and soil organic manure content, and Treatment PO was significantly or 5.78% lower than CK in soil readily available K; Oxygenated irrigation also promoted growth of bacteria, fungi amd microorganisms in the cotton field. Treatment PO and CO was 28.38% and 21.05%, respectively, higher in soil bacterial population and 27.86% and 20.63%, respectively, higher in soil total microbial biomass than CK. The difference between treatments was significant. Correlation analysis of soil nutrient and soil microbial population shows that the population of actinomyces is significantly and positively relatd to the contents of available N and organic matter; the population of soil bacteria is to the total amount of microorganism; and the content of available N is to the content of organic matter. 【Conclusion】All the findings in this study demonstrate that cotton roots are very sensitive to oxygen and that oxygenated irrigation can further exploit the yield potential of cotton, and no matter how much the irrigation water is oxygenated, promote to a varying extent growth and nutrient uptake of cotton.