Effects of Chemical Nitrogen Fertilizer and Green Manure on Diversity and Functions of Soil Bacteria in Wheat Field
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the National Key Researchand DevelopmentProgram of China(No. 2016YFD0200105) andthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 41501308)

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    Abstract:

    【Objective】Application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer and green manure is one of the important measures to improve crop yield and soil quality, but it also affects the soil bacterial community and its function, and thereby alters soil nutrient circulation. At present, there are few reports on whether long-term application of fertilizer nitrogen and green manure can improve diversity and functions of the soil microbia in the dryland soils. It is, therefore, of great significance to explore effects of application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer and green manure on the soil bacterial communityand its functions.【Method】An eight-year-oldwinter wheat field experiment, designed to have three treatments: i.e. Treatment CK (control applied, with P2O5105 kg hm-2a-1), Treatment FP (applied with P2O5105 kg hm-2a-1,N150 kg hm-2a-1) and Treatment FGM (applied with P2O5 105 kg hm-2a-1,N 150 kg hm-2a-1, plusgreen manure), laid out in a randomized block design,was carried out in Shaanxi Province, China. Soil samples were collected in september 2016 for analysis of soil biochemical properties (pH, nitrate N, ammonium nitrogen, soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon(MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON)). The high throughput sequencing technique was used to determine 16S rRNA gene sequence in V4 zone of the soil bacteria, and in the end soil microbial community and its functions in the soil were analyzed. 【Result】Results show that Treatment FP was 8.0% higher in SOC than CK, while Treatment FGM was 20.0% higher in SOC, 62.2% higher in MBC, 35.9% higher in MBN, 7.27% higher in DOC and 56.3% higher in DON. The average OTUs number of the three treatmentswas 3792, and no significant difference was observed between the treatments in Chao1 index and Shannon index. In the soil bacterial communityAcidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes,Gemmatimonadetes and Proteobacteriawere dominant groups, regardless of treatments. However, at the genus level, Treatment FP was significantly lower than CK in abundances of Pseudoduganella,Steroidobacter,Adhaeribacter,Nordella and Ralstonia, while Treatment FGM was lower only in abundance of Lactobacillus but higher in abundance ofSteroidobacter,Chryseolinea,Lentzea and Chitinophaga.Bacterial function prediction using FAPROTAX centered mainly on chemoheterotrophy, nitrification, ammonia oxidation, nitrite oxidation, and nitrate reduction, while the prediction using Tax4Fundid mainly on carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, membrane transport, signal transduction and energy metabolism.The three treatments did not vary much in functional fractionation. 【Conclusion】All the findings in this experiment suggest that Treatment FP and Treatment FGM do not havemuch effects on bacterial richness, diversity and functions, whilethey do increase soil fertility, i.e. SOC, DOC and DON, by a certain degree.

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BAO Ming, HE Hongxia, MA Xiaolong, WANG Zhaohui, QIU Weihong. Effects of Chemical Nitrogen Fertilizer and Green Manure on Diversity and Functions of Soil Bacteria in Wheat Field[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2018,55(3):734-743.

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History
  • Received:September 20,2017
  • Revised:December 26,2017
  • Adopted:January 25,2018
  • Online: March 01,2018
  • Published: