Regionalization of soil and water conservation in China is to, based on the inhomogeneous of natural characteristics and socio-economic conditions, and also takes into consideration, where available, already developed maps of spatial variations of soil erosion, divide a certain area into functional regions, with the hope that region-specific management rather than site-specific management could be applied without too much adjustment in each region. China spans nearly 50 degrees in latitude and has almost all existing landform patterns; types and rates and controls of soil erosion vary substantially from one region to another (e.g. the Loess Plateau versus the Tibet Plateau). In light of these particularities, appeals for regionalization of soil and water conservation could be justified. Hence this article examed the nearly 70 year’s development of regionalization of soil and water conservation in China with the purpose to recognize its characteristics and if exist, drawbacks, and thus put forward a new method for regionalization of soil and water conservation at a county-scale with the hope to help with further improvement of the regionalization. To catch sight of the characteristics in the developing process of regionalization of soil and water conservation, a total of more than 400 articles were downloaded from CNKI and reviewed and studied. To detect the drawbacks of existing regionalizations of soil and water conservation, statistical analysis is used here. To design the new method of regionalization at county-scale, scenario simulation is employed and the P-S-R model were adopted. Based on thoroughly retrospection of the nearly 70 year history of development of regionalization of soil and water conservation in China, the authors characterized the methodical advance that from qualitation to quantitation, including the employment of “3S”(RS/GIS/GPS) technology and mathematical models, and the progress of regionalization’s conceptional framework, especially the introduction of knowledge within economics and ecology disciplines. These methods, however, have their limits because of the conflict between old fashions and new prospect which could be concluded to three point: first, indicators used by quantitative methods are miscellaneous, making some of which have strong correlation, while the scale effect have not been reflected by indicator system; second, some of the key qualitative factors (such as enthusiasm for soil conservation practice) are difficult to be included in the process of regionalization because quantitative methods are unable to process indicators identified by descriptions but not data, moreover, mathematical methods only calculate indicators as numbers without concerning their actual meanings of the data in calculate; third, ecosystem functions are integrated in the process of regionalization in a manner that could hardly influence the result of regionalization scheme. In this end, based on the already existing schemes and theories of other discipline, methods of regionalization of soil and water conservation at county-scale are re-designed: risk of soil and water loss, soil erosion condition, capacity of soil and water conservation are used to build a three-dimension indicator framework, and a total of nine indicators are included in the indicator system, which are slope (°), vegetation coverage (%), population density (person•m-3), land use intensity (%), ecosystem functions (Yuan), index of soil erosion (1), capital/technique input (Yuan•a-1), traffic accessibility (m•m-2), and enthusiasm on soil conservation practice (1). For each evaluating unit, combination type of the three dimensions are employed to determine its region in the regionalization of soil and water conservation. Compared with the existing regionalization schemes where cluster analysis is also integrated, this new county-scale-oriented regionalization method eliminates unnecessary indicators into the indicator system while also maintains their practical implications. By combining qualitation and quantitation in determining the region of each evaluating unit belongs to, this new method could to some extent contribute to a more accurate regionalization of soil and water conservation and therefore, contribute to further soil and water conservation practice.