[Objective] Karst mountain areas are generally thin in surface soil layer and fragile in ecological environment. Dissolution of carbonate rocks is the main way of soil formation in karst mountain areas. It is of great significance to study dissolution of carbonate rocks for protection of the soil environment and sustainable utilization of the soil resources in the areas.[Method] Different types of microhabitats, such as stone cavern, stone crevice, stone gully, stone groove, earthy surface, and stone surface, were selected as research objects for the study in the Maolan Karst forest, Guizhou. The method of sheet dissolution test was used to determine carbonate rock dissolution rates in these microhabitats. Spatio-temporal variation of the dissolution rate and shape of the rocks therein was observed, and relationships of dissolution rate with type of the microhabitat, soil physicochemical properties and microorganisms therein were analyzed. In the end, relationship of carbonate rock and soil formation was discussed.[Result] Results show that with the dissolution lasting from 0.5 to 2 years, the highest sheet dissolution rate of the rock appeared in stone grooves, followed by earthy surface and stone surface. And slight dissolution was observed in stone gullies, but no significant sign in stone caverns and stone crevices. In general, the rocks buried in the soil were higher than the outcropped ones in the habitat in dissolution rate. Correlation and random forest analyses show that type of a habitat was the primary factor affecting rock dissolution, and the soil moisture content and pH were factors promoting and inhibiting rock dissolution, respectively. As the dissolution process going on and on, the morphology of dissolution became more and more apparent in the microhabitats with dissolution rate changing significantly.[Conclusion] All the findings demonstrate that type of a microhabitat has a significant impact on rock dissolution in karst mountain areas.