Effects of Long-term Application of Organic Manure on Contents of Total and Available Cadmium in Greenhouse Soil
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Supported by the Agricultural Applied Technology Development Program of Shanghai Agricultural Committee of China (No.202002080012F01457), the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai of China (No. 17ZR1431200) and the Excellent Team Program of Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences (No. 2017(A-03)

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    Abstract:

    [Objective] Greenhouse soil is a typical commercial upland soil in suburban areas of China. With heavy metals, especially cadmium, accumulating year by year the greenhouse soil gradually loses its productivity, while degrading in ecological environment and agricultural product quality. Application of organic manure is one of the main measures to improve soil fertility and soil microbial activity in greenhouse agriculture, however, the manure often carries a certain amount of heavy metals. Consequently, long-term application of organic manure will increase the input of heavy metals in soil. In order to rationalize application organic manure for better soil properties and less heavy metal pollution in greenhouse soil, it is essential to study effects of long-term application of organic manure on the contents of total and available cadmium (Cd) and physicochemical properties of the greenhouse soil, as well as their correlations.[Method] Soil samples were collected from 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers of greenhouses different in fertilization, that is, application organic manure at a conventional rate (M1), application of organic manure at less than the conventional rate (M2), application of organic manure at less than the conventional rate plus chemical fertilizer at a certain rate (M3) and no fertilizer or manure (the control, CK), at the Zhuanghang Experimental Station of the Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, China for analysis of soil physicochemical properties, total Cd and available Cd, and further relationships between soil (total and available) Cd contents and physicochemical properties.[Result] As compared to the control, the greenhouse applied with organic manure significantly decreased the content of total Cd in the surface (0-20 cm) soil layer, and the reduction was more significant with less manure application. However, the effect was not observed in the subsurface (20-40 cm) soil layer, and how to apply organic manure did not have any effect either. The content of available Cd in the surface soil layer was higher than that in the subsurface soil layer. Long-term application of organic manure did increase the content of available Cd content in the surface soil layer, especially the 0-10 cm soil layer, where the content of available Cd was significantly higher than that in the control. Compared with Treatment M1, Treatment M2 and Treatment M3 was significantly or 17.56% and 14.04% lower than Treatment M1, respectively, in available Cd content in the 0-10 cm soil layer. Treatment M3 was significantly higher than CK in contents of soil organic matter, soil total nitrogen, and surface soil available phosphorous, and than Treatment M1 in pH. Correlation analysis shows that the contents of organic matter and available phosphorus were significantly and positively related to the contents of total and available Cd, and so was the content of total nitrogen to the content of available Cd, however pH ultra-significantly and negatively related to the content of available Cd.[Conclusion] All the above findings show that application of organic manure at a properly reduced rate, while applying appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer, can further improve greenhouse soil properties, and reduce accumulation and availability of Cd in the surface soil of the greenhouses.

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DUAN Haiqin, QIN Qin, LÜ Weiguang, XUE Yong, SUN Lijuan, SONG Ke. Effects of Long-term Application of Organic Manure on Contents of Total and Available Cadmium in Greenhouse Soil[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2021,58(6):1486-1495.

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History
  • Received:March 03,2020
  • Revised:July 07,2020
  • Adopted:October 14,2020
  • Online: December 10,2020
  • Published: November 11,2021