徐州地区砂板土的改良
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THE IMPROVEMENT OF SANDY SOIL WITH A COMPACT SURFACE LAYER IN XUZHOU DISTRICT, JIANGSU PROVINCE
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    摘要:

    徐州地区处于黄泛平原,因受黄河冲积物的影响,土壤可分为砂板土、两合土、淤土等。其中砂板土占耕地面积竟达31.4%,分布地区广、面积大。这种砂质土壤的物理性状很差,遇水土粒极易分散而后淀浆板结,形成板结层。这种土壤旱改水后,由于土壤板结紧实,不仅插秧非常困难,还影响水稻苗期的分莫发裸以及后期的生长。砂板土的这种板结性状,反应了土壤的结构性不良以及内在的物理化学的恶劣特性,因而导致土壤肥力低下,影响农业生产。砂板土的供肥保肥性能很差,漏水漏肥,有效养分含t不足,土壤府薄。此外,砂板土有前劲没有后劲,群众称之为“一轰头”,往往造成在水稻生长的前期供肥较多,促使水稻生长旺盛,而到后期则呈现出后劲不足,说明砂板土有不能持续供肥的缺点。过去国内外对砂板土改良多偏重于施肥方式和方法的研究,对砂板土性质的改良方面研究较少。1974年我所曾采用麦糠、稻草、大麦秆、紫穗槐、土壤结构改良剂(聚乙烯醇)等改良砂板土(中国科学院南京土壤研究所孟庄点,1974;袁朝良,1974),并取得了一定效果。本文主要研究掺加粘土和翻压绿肥对改良砂板土的效果。

    Abstract:

    Large areas of sandy soil,approximately occupied 30% of the total arable land,are distributed over Xuzhou District,Jiangsu Province.A compact soil surface layer is always developed due to the settling of the coarse particles brought by irrigation water.The compact and sandy surface soil contains low organic and plant The improvement of this soil by the application of green manures-turning over of single cropping of vetch or mined cropping of vetch and rye grass,or manuring mixed with clay-was investigated.The results obtained from pot and field eaperimenu are smmmarized as follows:1.The effect of manuring of the mig-cropped vetch-rye grass was superior to that of single vetch on the increase of crop yield,but manuring mined with clay was the most effective.2.The holding capacity of the sandy soil for organic matter was increased with application of clay,and at the same time,mineralization of organic matter was decreased.3.Application of clay and turning over of green manures effectively improved the physical and chemical properties of sandy soil,provided favorable conditions for the formation of organic-mineral complex of the soil.

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袁朝良.徐州地区砂板土的改良[J].土壤学报,1979,16(1):54-62. Yuan Chao-liang. THE IMPROVEMENT OF SANDY SOIL WITH A COMPACT SURFACE LAYER IN XUZHOU DISTRICT, JIANGSU PROVINCE[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,1979,16(1):54-62.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2013-02-25
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