This article deals with the characteristics of the mycoflora in plough layers of the permanently submerged paddy soils (P.P.S.) developed on lacustrine deposit in central and southern Jiangsu province,alluvial deposit along the lower Yangtze river,and loesaal deposit near Nanjing,or of other submerged soils under anaerobic condition in various districts.The characteristics of mycoflora of the soils mentioned above in tomparison with that under temporarily submerged paddy soils (T.P.S.) are also described.The results obtained are as follows:1) The fungus population in P.P.S.is less than that in T.P.S.,and the mycoflora in P.P.S.is characterized by the occurence of Emericellolosis and Phoma+No.1221.Little variation on fungi quantities and mycofloral components was found in P.P.S.