杂交水稻氮肥施用技术的研究
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STUDY ON THE APPLICATION TECHNIQUE OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER FOR HYBRID RICE
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    摘要:

    本试验结果表明:杂交水稻亩产千斤,早稻需要的氮素营养比常规稻多,晚稻则相反;杂交早稻和晚稻都以生育中期为吸肥最多的时期,吸收的氮量占全生育期吸氮总量的一半以上,土壤供氮则相反.本试验从协调水稻吸氮、土壤供氮和人工补氮三者之间的平衡关系出发,设计的“稳前攻中”施肥法,在衡阳几种土壤上进行对比示范试验结果表明,无论是杂交早稻还是杂交晚稻都表现有显著的增产效果,增产幅度:早稻为2.97-8.99%,晚稻为7.54-14.06%.“稳前攻中”施肥法增加了中、后期的氮肥比例,从而增加了每亩穗数和每穗粒数.“稳前攻中”施肥法,减少了前期施肥,不仅充分利用了杂交水稻生育前期的根系优势和分蘖优势,发挥了生育中期的穗粒优势,而且还能防止早衰,巩固后期优势,充分挖掘杂交水稻的增产潜力.

    Abstract:

    Results of experiment showed that, for the hybrid rcie with a high yield of more than 1000 jin per mu, the N requirement of early hybrid rice was more than that of general cultivar, while that of late hybrid rice was less than that of general cultivar. The amount of N absorbed by hybrid rice in the middle growing stage was over half of the total amount absorbed in its whole growing period;however, the N supply by soil was less in the middle growing stage of rice. To meet the N requirement of hybrid rice, a method of applying larger part of N fertilizer in middle growing stage nn the basis of maintaining steady supply of N in early growing stage was adopted, which gave a yield increase of early rice ranging from 2.97-8.99% and that of late rice rangins from 7.54-14.06%. It also found that due to the adoption of this method, the number of ears per mu and that of grains per ear were increased, all these indicate that the application method is suitable for hybrid rice characterized by vigorous growth of root system and tillers in early growing stage, and growing predomince of ears and grains in middle growing stage, and it may also prevent the rice from premature senility. Therefore, it is favorable for promotion the yield potential of the hybrid rice.

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刘运武.杂交水稻氮肥施用技术的研究[J].土壤学报,1985,22(4):329-339. Liu Yunwu. STUDY ON THE APPLICATION TECHNIQUE OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER FOR HYBRID RICE[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,1985,22(4):329-339.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2013-02-25
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