Q₃-red paleosol was studied by comparing with Q₂-red paleosol from soil age, spore-pollen,ancient climate, genetic characteristics, etc. The results showed that the Q₃-red paleosol and Q₂-red paleosol were distinct types of parent materials of distinct geologic periods, their soils underwent different development processes and the clear difference existed not only in their genetic characteristic but also in their physical and chemical properties. According to the Chinese Soil Taxonomic Classification, Q₃-red paleosol must belong to yellow-brown soil rather than red soil.