钾素营养对水稻根系生长和养分吸收的影响
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* 国家自然科学基金


EFFECT OF K NUTRITION ON RICE ROOT GROWTH AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE
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    摘要:

    本文研究了大田和盆栽试验中钾素营养对水稻根系形态、活力及其对养分吸收的影响。试验结果表明:(1)在氮磷肥的基础上施钾能促进稻根的生长;(2)土壤供钾潜力、钾肥种类和水稻品种的吸K特性均影响根系的生长;(3)在缺钾的酸性土壤上,吸钾强的品种,施钾的促报效应最为明显;(4)施钾能增加小于0.2mm的细根量,提高稻根的再生能力,影响N、P、K、Ca、Mg等营养元素的吸收及其在地上和地下部分间的分配;(5)施钾地上部分钾的浓度增加,氮、磷浓度降低。对缺镁土壤,植株镁的浓度降低,根中镁的浓度增加;(6)土壤供钾潜力对植株地上部分和根的含钙量无明显影响;(7)在低钾土壤上施钾,还能提高水稻根系对α-萘胺的氧化力、亚铁离子的氧化力,对稻根的活力也有明显的影响。

    Abstract:

    Field and pot experiments were made to study the effect of K nutrition on the morphology, activity and nutrient uptake of rice roots. Results showed that K application based on N and P fertilization can promote the growth of rice roots. The effect of K on root growth was influenced by a number of factors such as the K-supplying potential, kinds of K fertilizer and the K-absorbing characteristics of different cultivars of rice. The strongly K-absorbing cultivar grown on acid soils deficient in K showed the most beneficial effect of K application on root growth. K fertilization increased the amount of roots thinner than 0.2mm in diameter, enhanced the regrowth capability of rice roots, and encouraged the uptake of nutrients such as N, P, K, Ca and Mg, as well as influenced the nutrient distribution in the aerial and underground parts of the plants. As a result of K application, the K concentration in the aerial part increased while the plant root increased, whereas it was reduced in the aerial part of plants grown on Mg-deficient soils. The K-supplying potential in soil had no marked effect on the Ca content in the aerial part and roots of the plant.K application on soils low in K can also encourage the rice root to oxidize α-naphthamine and ferrous ion, thus increasing the activity of the root.

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陈际型.钾素营养对水稻根系生长和养分吸收的影响[J].土壤学报,1997,34(2):182-188. DOI:10.11766/trxb199510090209 Chen Jixing. EFFECT OF K NUTRITION ON RICE ROOT GROWTH AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,1997,34(2):182-188.

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  • 收稿日期:1995-10-09
  • 最后修改日期:1996-10-04
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  • 在线发布日期: 2013-02-25
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