酞酸酯类增塑剂对土壤─作物系统的影响
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* 江苏省自然科学基金


EFFECT OF PAEs PLASTICIZERS ON SOIL-CROP SYSTEM
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    摘要:

    本研究揭示了酞酸酯类增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)和邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯(DEHP)在土壤中的持留动态、降解动力学特征及其对作物生长的影响.结果表明:试验温度越低,DBP,DEHP的持留性越强:DEHP在土壤中的持留性受温度的影响程度比DBP更为突出.随土壤水份含量增加,供试物持留性降低.二者在土壤中的降解可用一级反应动力学方程C=C0e-kt进行描述(C0初始浓度,k速度常数,t时间).DEHP的降解速率受环境因素的影响较为明显;DBP的降解不仅稍快于DEHP,而且受环境因素的影响程度相对较小.研究结果还显示:土壤微生物活性对DBP,DEHP在土壤中的降解有重大作用,土壤微生物活性的提高,将促进供试物的迅速降解,有助于减少供试物对土壤的污染.田间小区施药试验结果表明:高剂量处理对供试蔬菜在幼苗期生长有一定的障碍作用,DBP对作物生长的影响比DEHP更为突出.同时还发现DBP,DEHP对蔬菜产量有一定影响,并使部分品种蔬菜可食部位的Vc含量降低.

    Abstract:

    The effect of persistence, degradation dynamics of DBP (Dibutyl phthalate) and DEHP (di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate) on core growth were studied in this work.Results showed that DBP and DEHP remainede in soil increased with experimental temperature raised, especially for DEHP.The remained amount of pathalate plasticizers decreased with the increase of soil water contend The degradation of these two chemicals in the soil can be described by the the first order kinetic equation of C=C0e-kt.The degradation of DEHP was strongly affected by environmental factors.Although DBP degraded faster than DEHP, the dependence of its degradation in soil on environmental fators was much smaller than that of DEHP.Results also indicated that the activities of soil micro organisms played a very mportant role in PAEs degradation in soil.Increase in activities of soil micro-organisms would accelerate the PAFs degradation rates and reduce the pollution of PAFs to soils.Results of field experiment with these two chemicals showed that a high dose of them restricted the growth of vegetable to some extent, especially for DBP.Meanwhile, it was also concluded that DBP and DEHP decreased the vegetable yield silghtly and reduced the Vc contents of eatable parts of vegetables.

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安琼,靳伟,李勇,徐瑞薇.酞酸酯类增塑剂对土壤─作物系统的影响[J].土壤学报,1999,36(1):118-126. DOI:10.11766/trxb199705140116 An Qiong, Jin Wei, Li Yong, Xu Rui-wei. EFFECT OF PAEs PLASTICIZERS ON SOIL-CROP SYSTEM[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,1999,36(1):118-126.

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  • 收稿日期:1997-05-14
  • 最后修改日期:1998-07-23
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  • 在线发布日期: 2013-02-25
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