低分子量有机酸对石灰性土壤磷吸附动力学的影响
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*国家自然科学基金(批准号:39790100)


INFLUENCE OF LOW-MOLECULAR WEIGHT ORGANIC ACIDS ON KINETICS OF PHOSPHORUS ADSORPTION BY SOILS
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    摘要:

    模拟植物在缺磷胁迫下,根系分泌的有机酸种类和数量,用流动法研究了柠檬酸、苹果酸、草酸和酒石酸对石灰性土壤磷吸附动力学的影响.结果表明:有机酸均能明显降低土壤对磷的吸附,不同有机酸降低磷吸附的能力大小的次序为草酸≥柠檬酸>苹果酸≥酒石酸.pH对有机酸抑制土壤吸附磷的影响十分复杂,如酒石酸对2,3和4号土壤磷吸附的抑制随着pH从6.5升高到8.0而增加,而酒石酸对1号土壤磷吸附的抑制随着pH从6.5升高到8.0而降低.回归分析结果表明,描述有机酸对土壤磷吸附动力学影响的最优方程为一级动力学方程,其次为抛物线扩散方程和双常数方程,最差模型为Elovich方程.可以认为有机酸对土壤磷吸附的影响是一级反应.有机酸主要通过消除石灰性土壤中磷吸附位点(CaCO3),抑制土壤对磷的吸附.

    Abstract:

    It was simulated that plant roots excreted different kinds of organic acids under phosphorus stress,and the effects of citric,malic,oxalic and tartaric acid on kinetics of phosphorus adsorption by calcareous soils have been investigated by flow technique method.Results show that all these acids can reduce phosphorus adsorption by the soils and the extent of reduction is closely Belated to the kinds of organic acids.The ability of organic acids to reduce phosphorus adsorption in calcareous soils is in the order of oxalic≥citric>malic≥tartaric acid.The effect of pH on reducing soil phosphorus adsorption by organic acids was very complicated.For example,the inhibiting effect of tartaric acid on phosphorus adsorption by soil 2,3,and 4 increased with increase in pH from 6.5 to 8.0,while the inhibiting effect of tartaric acid on phosphorus adsorption by soil 1 decreased with increase in pH.Regression analysis reveals that the first order Kinetic equation is the best one to describe the phosphorus adsorption kinetics as affected by organic acids,followed by Parabolic diffusion equation and Two-constant rate equation,and then by Elovich equation.According to the research,the influence of low-molecular weight organic acids on kinetics of phosphorus adsorption by the soils is a first order reaction.Organic acids inhibit adsorption mainly by eliminating the phosphorus sorption sites in the soils.Compared with control,All the four kinds of organic acids tested can dissolve a large amount of CaCO3 in calcareous soils,thereby considerably reducing phosphorus adsorption by soils.

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陆文龙,张福锁,曹一平,王敬国.低分子量有机酸对石灰性土壤磷吸附动力学的影响[J].土壤学报,1999,36(2):189-197. DOI:10.11766/trxb199711210206 Lu Wen-long, Zhang Fu-suo, Cao Yi-ping, Wang Jing-guo. INFLUENCE OF LOW-MOLECULAR WEIGHT ORGANIC ACIDS ON KINETICS OF PHOSPHORUS ADSORPTION BY SOILS[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,1999,36(2):189-197.

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  • 收稿日期:1997-11-21
  • 最后修改日期:1998-06-28
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  • 在线发布日期: 2013-02-25
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