The content and distribution characteristics of rare earth elements of 204 soil samples in 68 typical soil profiles of six main soils in Guizhou Province were studied.Results showed that the rare earth element conent (264.44μg/g) in the typical soils of Guizhou Province are higher than their average content (195.7μg/g) in soils of some other areas of China. Also such is the case of light rare earth elements contents (199.1μg/g). It may be considered that these soils belong to a typical soil type containing more light rare earth elements. The rare earth element in all of these typical soils in Guizhou Province obeyed the rule of Oddo-Harkins. Element Ce enriched in these typical soils. The contents of the rare earth elements are the highest in the calcareous soil. In additon, the main factors which affected the content of rare earth elements are also studied.