In this paper,three typical Holocene soil profiles in the Loess Plateau are studied.The analytical results show that Sr concentration is higher in the loess beds than that in the paleosol beds and that Rb concentration and Rb/Sr ratio is lower in the loess beds than that,respectively,in the paleosol beds.The change in Rb/Sr ratio reflects changes in pedogenic environment during the Holocene,and spatial-temporal changes in monsoon circulation over the Loess Plateau,as well.In the early Holocene(11500~8500 years B.P.),dust deposition reduced because of climate warming,and biological weathering began.In the mid-Holocene(8500~3100 years B.P.),as the climate became warmer and wetter;the effect of pedogenesis was getting stronger and stronger than that of the eolian dust deposition,and thus black loessial soil developed on the surface of the plateau,and cinnamon soil in the Guanzhong Basin. But beginning form 3 100 years BP,the climate has become dry,and dust storms and dust-fall occurred frequently.Recent loess(L₀) has begun to accumulate and gradually covered the mid-Holocene soil (S₀).As a result,the S₀ has become buried paleosoil,The change from soil formation to loess accumulation indicates environment deterioration and soil degradation.In the Loess Plateau,the environmental effect of the winter monsoon on the south is much stronger than that of the summer monsoon on the north, and so is the amplitude of the change in monsoon on the south than on the north.