两种氮水平下CO2浓度升高对冬小麦生长和氮磷浓度的影响
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*国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G1999011708)资助


INFLUENCE OF CO2 ENRICHMENT ON GROWTH OF AND N AND P CONCENTRATIONS IN WINTER WHEAT UNDER TWO N LEVELS
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    摘要:

    预计到21世纪末期大气CO2浓度将会比目前水平增加1倍,约700μmolmoL-1左右.因此CO2浓度升高对作物的影响研究十分重要.本文探讨在两种氮(N)水平下,CO2浓度升高对冬小麦(Triticum aestivum L.cv.Xinong8727)生长和地上部N、磷(P)浓度的影响及原因.试验设350μmolmoL-1和700μmolmoL-1两种CO2浓度水平和45kghm-2和90kghm-2两种N肥施用水平.结果表明,CO2浓度升高,冬小麦株高和叶面积指数(LAI)均增加,净同化率(NAR)值增加,叶面积比率(LAR)下降,比叶重(SLW)不增加.高CO2浓度对相对生长率(RGR)的影响因施N水平而异,低N时RGR不增加,高N时明显增加.CO2浓度增加,小麦抽穗提早7~8d,叶鞘、茎杆和地上部干物重提高,叶片、叶鞘和茎杆N、P浓度降低,但叶片、叶鞘和茎杆N、P吸收量增加均不明显.CO2浓度升高,氮磷利用效率(NUE和PUE)提高,而对相对氮磷累积速率(RNAR和RPAR)影响不大.高CO2浓度冬小麦体内N、P浓度下降是由于稀释效应以及NUE和PUE提高之故.

    Abstract:

    Atmospheric CO2 levels are expected to exceed 700 L mol mol-1 by the end of 21st century.Therefore the influence of increased CO2 concentration on crop plants is of major concern.This study is an analysis of growth of and N and P concentrations in winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.cv.Xinong 8727) grown under two levels of atmospheric CO2 concentration(350 L mol mol-1 and 700 Lmol mol-1)and of nitrogen fert ilizer(45 kg hm-2 and 90 kg hm-2).Results showed that plant height,leaf area index (LAI)and net assimilation rate(NAR)increased,while leaf area ratio(LAR)reduced and specific leaf weight(SLW)remained unchanged under the high atmospheric CO2 concentration.The influence of CO2 enrichment on relative growth rate(RGR)was dependent on N level.Higher CO2 concentration increased RGR significantly in the high N treatment,but did not increase in the low N treatment.Tasseling of winter wheat advanced by 7~8 days and masses of leaf sheaths,stalks and shoots also increased with CO2 concentration increasing.Higher CO2 decreased N and P concentrations in leaves,leaf sheaths and stalks, however it increased N uptake by winter wheat slightly.Higher CO2 concentration increased use efficiencies of N and P(NUE and PUE),but did not affect relative nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation rates (RNAR and RPAR).Dilution of N and P due to increased dry mass and the enhancement of the use efficiencies of N and P can explain the decline in plant N content in the present experiment.

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李伏生,康绍忠.两种氮水平下CO2浓度升高对冬小麦生长和氮磷浓度的影响[J].土壤学报,2003,40(4):599-605. DOI:10.11766/trxb200202050418 Li Fu-sheng, Kang Shao-zhong. INFLUENCE OF CO2 ENRICHMENT ON GROWTH OF AND N AND P CONCENTRATIONS IN WINTER WHEAT UNDER TWO N LEVELS[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2003,40(4):599-605.

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  • 收稿日期:2002-02-05
  • 最后修改日期:2002-09-06
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  • 在线发布日期: 2013-02-25
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