土壤—水体系中离子反应平衡时间的电导法检测
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* 国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2002CB410808);国家自然科学基金项目(40401030);南京市科技发展计划项目(200305003)资助


DETERMINATION OF EQUILIBRIUM TIME OF IONS IN REACTION IN SOIL-WATER SYSTEM BY MEASURING ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY
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    摘要:

    采用电导法检测了土壤—水体系中离子反应达到平衡所需的时间。5种土壤和硝酸盐溶液(10-4/3zmol L-1)配制的20种悬液(30gkg-1)的电导率时间变化曲线表明,所有悬液的电导率均呈下降趋势,在平衡100~300h后不再变化。含Cu(NO3)2和Pb(NO3)2溶液(10-4molL-1)的黄棕壤悬液(10gkg-1)的Wien效应曲线的位置和形状随平衡时间而变,但当平衡时间≥480h,曲线出现重叠。含NaNO3和KNO3溶液(2×10-4molL-1)的黄棕壤悬液(10gkg-1)的电导率与离心清液中Na+和K+离子浓度随平衡时间呈同步变化趋势,平衡初期均不断下降,分别在平衡70h和30h后趋达稳定。这些实验结果表明,电导法确是一种检测土壤—水体系中离子反应平衡时间的简易手段。

    Abstract:

    By measuring electrical conductivity (EC),the time it takes for ions to reach equilibrium in reaction in the soil-water system was investigated.The EC-time curves of 20 soil suspensions (30 g kg-1) prepared out of 5 tested soils and 4 nitrate solutions of 10-4/3z mol L-1 showed that ECs of the suspensions all decreased until the ion reaction reached equilibrium after 100~300 hours.The curves of Wien effect of two yellow-brown soil suspensions (10 g kg-1) that contained 10-4mol L-1 Cu(NO3)2 and Pb(NO3)2,respectively,varied with the equilibrium time in location and shape,and overlapped when the equilibrium time reached or exceed 480 hours.The EC value of suspensions (10 g kg-1) of yellow-brown soil containing 2 10-4mol L-1 NaNO3 and KNO3 and the concentrations of Na+ and K+ions in their supernatants showed a similar tendency at first and reached equilibrium after 70 hours and 30 hours,respectively.These experimental results show that conductometry is indeed a simple means to determine time it takes for ions to reach equilibrium in reaction in the soil water system.

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姜军,李成保,赵安珍,王玉军,徐仁扣.土壤—水体系中离子反应平衡时间的电导法检测[J].土壤学报,2006,43(6):989-995. DOI:10.11766/trxb200508100616 Jiang Jun, Li Chengbao, Zhao Anzhen, Wang Yujun, Xu Renkou. DETERMINATION OF EQUILIBRIUM TIME OF IONS IN REACTION IN SOIL-WATER SYSTEM BY MEASURING ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2006,43(6):989-995.

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  • 收稿日期:2005-08-10
  • 最后修改日期:2006-04-13
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  • 在线发布日期: 2013-02-25
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