丛枝菌根真菌对污染土壤中农产品质量安全的影响
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国家自然科学基金(40801120);国家重点实验室专项基金课题(08K08ESPCT);环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室专项经费联合资助


EFFECT OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI ON QUALITY SAFETY OF FARM PRODUCTS IN CONTAMINATED SOILS
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    摘要:

    丛枝菌根(Arbuscular mycorrhiza,AM)是自然界中分布最广的一类菌根,常见于各种类型的污染土壤中,如重金属污染土壤、有机污染土壤及复合污染土壤.AM真菌能与陆地上绝大多数的高等植物共生,大多数的农作物如粮食作物、果树、蔬菜等均能形成菌根.研究表明,AM真菌完全能在提高污染土壤中农产品质量安全方面发挥作用,主要体现在:(1)促进有机污染物的降解和转化,降低污染物在土壤和农产品中的残留;(2)提高农作物对重金属的耐性,降低重金属在农产品中的积累;(3)改善农作物营养状况,提高其抗病性,降低肥料、农药施用量,从而间接降低污染物在土壤和农产品中的残留.因此,AM真菌在提高农产品质量安全方面具有较大潜力.当前和今后可在以下几个方面开展工作:(1)筛选和驯化能显著降低农产品中污染物的AM真菌菌株;(2)AM真菌提高农产品质量安全的效应与机制;(3)AM真菌和其他生物农药、生物肥料间的相互作用;(4)AM真菌在农产品生产中的应用基础研究等.

    Abstract:

    A rbuscular mycorrhiza(AM) is a kind of mycorhiza,most extensively distributed in nature and very common in polluted soils of various types,such as heavy metal contaminated soils,organic contaminated soils,and combined pollutant contaminated soils.It has been demonstrated that AM fungi contribute to quality safety of farm products produced in contaminated soils through 1) promoting degradation and transformation of organic pollutants,thus reducing their residues in the soil and farm products therefrom;2) enhancing crop tolerance to heavy metals,thus inhibiting its accumulation in farm products;3) improving crop nutrition,thus strengthening cropresistance to disease,thus calling for less fertilizers and pesticides and hence leaving less residues in the soil and farm products therefrom.So the potential of AM fungi in improving quality safety of farm products is significant.In the years to come,more efforts should be devoted in the following fields:1) screen and domesticate AM fungal strains that are capable of reducing residues of pollutants in farm products;2) explore effects and mechanisms of AM fungi improving quality safety of farm products;3) prove up interaction between AM fungi and other biofertilizers and biopesticides;and 4) conduct basic research on app lication of AM fungi in farming production.

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王发园,林先贵.丛枝菌根真菌对污染土壤中农产品质量安全的影响[J].土壤学报,2008,45(6):1142-1147. DOI:trxb10.11766/200702060618 Wang Fayuan, Lin Xiangui. EFFECT OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI ON QUALITY SAFETY OF FARM PRODUCTS IN CONTAMINATED SOILS[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2008,45(6):1142-1147.

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  • 收稿日期:2007-02-06
  • 最后修改日期:2007-04-05
  • 在线发布日期: 2013-05-10
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