Phosphorus (P) is the principal pollutant contributing to eutrophication of water bodies. Contents of total P，available P and fixed P in soils of different layers (0～5 cm，5～10 cm and 10～20 cm) under different land use (sparse forest soil，sloping farmland，flat farmland and greenhouse soil) in the Baoxiang River watershed in the Dianchi Lake region were determined，and P Sorption Index (PSI) were calculated. And accumulation，distribution and sorption characteristics of P in the soils were also evaluated. Results show that total P，OlsenP and water soluble P accumulated significantly in the topsoil，especially of greenhouse soil，averaging 1.67 g kg^-1，75.9 mg kg^-1 and 27.7 mg kg^-1，respectively; and the contents of Olsen-P and water soluble P displayed a decreasing trend from the surface layer down with the depth. In respect to sorption characteristics，the contents of soil fixed P in the topsoil ranged from 68.4 mg kg^-1 to 351.2 mg kg^-1，showing little difference between soil layers under different land use，while PSI values of the soils were obviously higher in sparse forest soil and sloping farmland in the upper streams. The PSI values of the soils of the flat farmland in the middle-upper streams and the greenhouse soli in the downstream were < 30，suggesting that the potential risk of soil P loss is high.