Soil samples were collected from the north of Taipusiqi County，Inner Mongolia for lab analysis to explore content and distribution of ¹³⁷Cs in surface soils different in land use (grassland，cropland and nabkha). Results show that in the soil layers 0~30 cm in depth, the activity of ¹³⁷Cs averaged 4.97±0.31 Bq kg^-1, following an order of Grassland>cropland>nabkha, and its content 2 149±133.8 Bq m^-2, following an order of nabkha>Grassland>cropland; The variance coefficients of ¹³⁷Cs activity and content were 146.1% and 142.1%, respectively, in nabkha, 63.90% and 74.67%, in grassland and 62.98% and 55.61% in cropland. The distribution of ¹³⁷Cs in soil profiles at a typical sampling site showed that it accorded with that of the erosion-sediment profile in nabkha, fitted negative exponential in grassland and was relatively wellproportioned in cropland.