有机污染型灌溉水对土壤团聚体的影响
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苹果园沼肥应用技术研究与示范,农业部科技教育司


Effects of irrigation water polluted with organic contaminants on soil aggregates
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    摘要:

    为了评估灌溉水中有机污染物对农田土壤物理状态的影响,本研究以长期采用有机污染型水体灌溉的陕西交口灌区农田土壤为研究对象,以气候条件、土壤条件以及耕作制度基本一致,长期采用未污染的地下水灌溉的农田土壤为对照,分别用干筛和湿筛法测定了土壤团聚体和微团聚体组成等,分析了优势团聚体的变化情况。结果表明:长期采用有机污染水灌溉明显降低土壤中大于10 mm大团聚体和小于0.25 mm微团聚体的含量,显著增加了直径为1~5 mm范围内“(质量)优势团聚体”的含量;水稳性团聚体与土壤有机质含量呈显著正相关,而与机械组成的相关系数未达到显著水平;有机污染型水体灌溉可以显著改善微团聚体的特性,增大了土壤团聚度,降低其分散系数,从而改善了土壤结构状况。综合试验结果证明,灌溉水中的有机污染物质有助于显著地改善土壤结构状况和特性。

    Abstract:

    In order to study effects of organic pollutants in irrigation water on soil physical properties, tracts of farmland in the Jiaokou Irrigation Zone, Shaanxi, that had long been irrigated with water polluted with organic contaminants were selected as subject in the study and some other tracts of farmland that had long been irrigated with unpolluted groundwater were set as control. They were both the same in soil condition and under the same climate condition and the same cultivation system. Composition of soil aggregates and microaggregates were measured by dry sieving and wet sieving, separately for analysis of variation of, dominant fractions of aggregates. Results show that long-term irrigation with organic-polluted water significantly decreased the contents of macro–aggregates (>10 mm) and micro-aggregates (<0.25 mm), but increased the content of “(quality) dominant aggregates” (1~5 mm). Correlation analysis shows that the content of water-stable aggregates was positively related with the content of soil organic matter, but insignificantly related to the mechanical composition of water-stable aggregates. Long-term irrigation with organic-polluted water also improved soil aggregate stability and enhanced soil aggregation, but reduced aggregate dispersion coefficient, an indication that soil structure was effectively improved. The findings prove that organic pollutants in irrigation water significantly improves soil structure and properties.

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李霄云,王益权,孙慧敏,徐海,王永健,徐爽.有机污染型灌溉水对土壤团聚体的影响[J].土壤学报,2011,48(6):1125-1132. DOI:10.11766/trxb201011080464 Li Xiaoyun, Wang Yiquan, Sun Huimin. Effects of irrigation water polluted with organic contaminants on soil aggregates[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2011,48(6):1125-1132.

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  • 收稿日期:2010-11-08
  • 最后修改日期:2011-04-14
  • 录用日期:2011-04-25
  • 在线发布日期: 2011-09-02
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