轮耕对宁南旱区土壤理化性状和旱地小麦产量的影响
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国家“十一五”科技支撑课题(2006BAD29B03)和国家“十二五”科技支撑课题(2012BAD09B03)


Effects of alternate tillage on soil physicochemical properties and yield of dryland wheat in arid areas of south Ningxia
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    摘要:

    为了探索免耕/深松隔年轮耕对土壤理化性状及冬小麦产量的影响,2007年至2010年在宁南旱区采用免耕/深松/免耕、深松/免耕/深松与连年翻耕3种耕作模式,对土壤容重、团聚体、养分及小麦产量等进行了研究。结果表明:与传统耕作相比,免耕/深松/免耕和深松/免耕/深松模式显著(p < 0.05)降低土壤容重,改善了土壤的孔隙状况;两种轮耕模式可显著(p < 0.05)增加0~40 cm各土层2~0.25 mm水稳性团聚体的含量。3种耕作方式比较,深松/免耕/深松模式最能有效增加0~40 cm土壤有机质和0~20 cm土层全氮含量;免耕/深松/免耕和深松/免耕/深松处理较传统耕作显著增加0~40 cm土层碱解氮和有效磷含量、20~40 cm土壤速效钾含量,改善了土壤的养分状况。试验期间,免耕/深松/免耕、深松/免耕/深松模式3年平均小麦籽粒产量较传统耕作显著增加,分别增产9.59%和10.69%( p < 0.05),以深松/免耕/深松处理增产效果最佳。

    Abstract:

    To explore effects of tillage on soil physical and chemical properties and yield of winter wheat in semi-arid South Ningxia, a 3-year field experiment was carried out from 2007 to 2010. The experiment was designed to have three tillage patterns, i.e. non-tillage (NT)/subsoiling (ST)/non-tillage (NT), ST/NT/ST and conventional tillage (CT) as control and soil bulk densities, aggregates, soil nutrients and yields of winter wheat of the three treatments were determined separately. Results show that compared with CT, treatments NT/ST/NT and ST/NT/ST significantly ( p < 0.05) decreased soil bulk density, improved soil total porosity and significantly p < 0.05) increased the amount of 2~0.25 mm water-aggregates. Treatment ST/NT/ST was the most effective in increasing soil organic matter (in 0~40 cm soil layer) and total N (0~20 cm) among the three; compared with CT, treatments NT/ST/NT and ST/NT/ST significantly (p < 0.05) increased alkalyzable-N (0~40 cm), available P (0~40 cm) and available K ( 20~40 cm), and improved soil nutrient status. Treatments NT/ST/NT and ST/NT/ST also significantly increased wheat yield. Their three-year mean grain yield was (p <0.05) 9.59% and 10.69% higher than that of the control. Obviously, treatment ST/NT/ST is better than treatment NT/ST/NT in yield raising.

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侯贤清,李荣,韩清芳,贾志宽,王维,杨宝平,王俊鹏,聂俊峰,李永平.轮耕对宁南旱区土壤理化性状和旱地小麦产量的影响[J].土壤学报,2012,49(3):592-600. DOI:10.11766/trxb201107290282 Hou Xianqing, li Rong, Han Qingfang, Jia Zhikuan, Wang Wei, Yang Baoping, Wang Junpeng, Nie Junfeng, Li Yongping. Effects of alternate tillage on soil physicochemical properties and yield of dryland wheat in arid areas of south Ningxia[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2012,49(3):592-600.

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  • 收稿日期:2011-07-29
  • 最后修改日期:2011-11-16
  • 录用日期:2011-11-25
  • 在线发布日期: 2011-12-15
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