自动观测与人工观测土壤温度差异及分析
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国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2010CB951600)、公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201106038)和中国气象局气象新技术推广项目(CMATG2008Z12)共同资助


Difference between soil temperatures obtained through automatic observation and manual observation and analysis of its causes
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    摘要:

    利用我国基本(准)站在人工观测与自动观测双轨运行期间的平行观测资料,分析了不同观测方式下各层土壤温度的差异。结果表明,全国平均自动与人工观测各层土壤温度的日对比差值均在0.11℃以下,且日对比差值随着深度的增加而减小。从5 cm到320 cm,无论冬季还是夏季,全国绝大部分地区平均对比差值在±0.2℃之间。由浅至深各层土壤温度日对比差值的标准差从0.78℃减小至0.47℃,其不确定度在5~20 cm时均超过了1.0℃,但在深层(40 cm及以下),不确定度已经低于1.0℃。除极个别站外,各层自动与人工观测日平均值无显著性差异。自动与人工观测土壤温度的差异主要是由于土壤中水平温度场分布非均匀和土壤垂直温度梯度很大及对比观测时间不同步造成的。

    Abstract:

    Based on the data obtained through manual observation and automatic observation during the period when all the basic meteorological stations in China monitored soil temperature using the two observation methods simultaneously, analyses were made of differences between soil temperatures obtained through different observation methods in various soil layers. Results show that the difference between manual observation and automatic observation in daily mean soil temperature was no more than 0.11℃ and decreased with increasing soil depth. In the soil layer of 5 cm ~ 320 cm, whether in winter or in summer, the mean difference was ±0.2℃ in most parts of China. Standard deviation of the daily mean difference in soil temperature between the two methods declined from 0.78℃ in the shallow soil layers to 0.47℃ in the deep soil layers, with uncertainty exceeding 1℃ in soil layers (5 cm ~ 20 cm), but lingering below 1℃ in soil layers (40 cm ~ 320 cm). As a matter of fact, no significant difference in daily mean of soil temperatures was found between automatic observation and manual observation in all the observation stations, except a few. The differences observed were attributed to inhomogenous distribution of the horizontal temperature field and sharp vertical temperature gradient in the soil and asynchronous operation of the two methods.

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任芝花,王国安,邹凤玲.自动观测与人工观测土壤温度差异及分析[J].土壤学报,2013,50(4):657-663. DOI:10.11766/trxb201210060395 Ren Zhihua, Wang Guoan, Zou Fengling. Difference between soil temperatures obtained through automatic observation and manual observation and analysis of its causes[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2013,50(4):657-663.

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  • 收稿日期:2012-10-06
  • 最后修改日期:2013-04-05
  • 录用日期:2013-04-10
  • 在线发布日期: 2013-04-22
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