To investigate soil microbe using of different types of carbon sources under four types of reestablished forests or treatments (mixed broadleaf plantation, pure broadleaf plantation, mixed coniferous-broadleaf plantation, pure coniferous plantation) with a naturally restored fallow land as control, the microResp method was used. Results show that the capacity of soil microbes using mono-carbon source varied significantly with duration of incubation (6 h or additional 18 h) and soil depth (0~10 or 10~20 cm), and also with the type of forest. In terms of the capacity, the forests followed the order of naturally restored fallow land > mixed broadleaf plantation > pure broadleaf plantation > mixed coniferous-broadleaf plantation > pure coniferous plantation. Shannon index (H) and evenness index (E) indicates that the five treatments followed an order of mixed broadleaf plantation > pure broadleaf plantation > mixed coniferous-broadleaf plantation > pure coniferous plantation in soil microbial community diversity. All the treatments, except the control did not differ much from each other in soil microbial diversity and abundance. Principle components analysis indicates that the fifteen carbon sources selected in this study were sufficient to elucidate differences between the four plantations in soil microbial functional diversity, and that sugars were the sensitive carbon source to forest soil microbes.