With the rapid development of intensive cultivation, soil-borne diseases of crops are very common and severe in China due to inappropriate management, consecutive monoculture, direct incorporation of crop residues into soil etc. The issue has become one of the main drives of continuous increase in pesticides consumption in order to achieve high crop yields and threatened the sustainable production, food quality, environment and ecosystems safety. However, soil scientists almost ignore the research on soil-borne pathogens. Since the functions of soil-borne pathogens are known, they are ideal objects to explore the influences of soil microbial biodiversity on soil microbial functions, the relationships between host plants and pathogens, between pathogen and antagonistic microbes, and influences of soil physic-chemical properties on the activities of soil microbes. Soil science owns special advantages to understand the growth, production, and functions of soil-borne pathogens because there are components of soil. The understandings of soil environments for the survival and growth of soil-borne pathogens are the basis to control the soil-borne diseases caused by soil-borne pathogens and to realize the zero increase target of pesticide consumption by 2020 in China. Therefore, soil science takes an unavoidable responsibility to control the populations of soil-borne pathogen. Meanwhile, soil science itself will develop greatly with the deep insight into the soil-borne pathogens and solution of crop diseases caused by soil-borne pathogens.