黄河三角洲不同盐渍化土壤中氨基糖的积累特征
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山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2016DQ05;ZR2017BD012);山东省重点研发计划(2016CYJS05A02);国家自然科学基金项目(41701257);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2016M602169);山东农业大学青年科技创新基金


Accumulation Characteristics of Amino Sugars in Salinized Soils of Different Types in the Yellow River Delta
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Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Nos. ZR2016DQ05;ZR2017BD012), the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province (2016CYJS05A02), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41701257), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2016M602169) and the Science and Technology Innovation Fund for Youth of Shandong Agricultural University

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    摘要:

    以黄河三角洲垦殖区的轻度和中度盐渍土为研究对象,研究了垦殖过程中两种盐渍土氨基糖(氨基葡萄糖、氨基半乳糖、胞壁酸及氨基糖总量)的积累特征,并利用氨基葡萄糖和胞壁酸的比值探讨了真菌和细菌残留物在不同盐渍土有机质积累过程中的相对贡献。结果表明:盐渍化程度对氨基糖总量和单个氨基糖的积累均有显著影响。轻度盐渍土氨基糖含量显著高于中度盐渍土,而不同种类氨基糖含量对盐渍土的响应因微生物来源不同而有所差异。氨基葡萄糖主要来源于真菌,轻度盐渍土中的含量显著高于中度盐渍土。氨基半乳糖的来源并不明确,但与氨基葡萄糖的累积特征相似。胞壁酸唯一来源于细菌,轻度盐渍土中的含量则显著低于中度盐渍土。氨基葡萄糖和胞壁酸的比值在轻度盐渍土中显著高于中度盐渍土,表明与轻度盐渍土相比,细菌残留物对中度盐渍土有机质积累的相对贡献显著增大,也暗示随着盐渍程度加大,细菌逐渐转为优势群体。

    Abstract:

    【Objective】Soil salinization is one of the most severe agro-ecological problems that brings about widespread influences on ecosystem security and sustainable development of the agriculture, especially in the Yellow River Delta. It has been demonstrated that soil salinization has significant influences, too, on activity and structure of the soil microbial community through changing soil physicochemical properties. Yet, little has been documented about responses of microbial residues to soil salinization and relative contributions of microbial residues different in kind to soil organic matter (SOM) accumulation. As important constituents of microbial cell walls, amino sugars are considered to be a storage pool for immobilized C and N. Additionally, amino sugars are reliable microbial residue biomarkers thanks to their different origins. Muramic acid (MurA), glucosamine (GluN) and galactosamine (GalN) are amino sugars of particular importance, so far identified. MurA originates uniquely from bacteria as a component of peptidoglycan of bacterial cell walls, while GluN is mainly derived from fungal chitin, although bacterial cell walls and exoskeletons of soil invertebrates also make some contribution. GalN constitutes a significant fraction of the total amino sugar pool, but its origin in soil is still under debate. Therefore, amino sugars as unique and powerful microbial residue biomarkers can be used to indicate time-integrated microbial immobilization of extraneous C and N and stabilization of SOM on a relatively long-term scale, which is termed as “memory effect”.【Method】 Here, investigations were made of accumulation characteristics of the three types of amino sugars in the topsoil layers (0~20cm) of two crop fields of salinized soils, different in salinization level, i.e. light-salinized soil (LS) and moderate-salinized soil (MS), in the Yellow River Delta. In addition, relative contributions of fungal and bacterial residues to SOM accumulation and stabilization were explored by calculating ratio of GluN to MurA.【Result】Results show that soil salinization had significant influences on accumulations of total amino sugars and each. Total amino sugar was significantly higher in LS than in MS, but amino sugars of different kinds responded differently in content to salinization because of their specific origin. GluN content was much higher in LS than in MS. Although it is still not clear as to origin of GalN, it was similar to GluN in accumulation characteristics. Coming solely from bacteria, MurA was much higher in MS than in LS. Besides the much lower ratio of GluN to MurA in MS than in LS suggests that the relative contribution of bacterial residue to SOM accumulation was much higher in MS than in LS, and that the dominance of microbial groups shifted from fungi group to bacteria group with increasing soil salinity.【Conclusion】 As a whole, accumulation of fungal and bacterial residues is closely related to soil salinity, thus playing an important role in regulating stabilization and turnover of SOM in salinized soils. All the findings in this study have enriched our knowledge about microbial processes and related mechanisms of SOM transformation in salinized soils.

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胡国庆,刘 肖,何红波,陈为峰,诸葛玉平,董元杰,王 会.黄河三角洲不同盐渍化土壤中氨基糖的积累特征[J].土壤学报,2018,55(2):390-398. DOI:10.11766/trxb201710310503 HU Guoqing, LIU Xiao, HE Hongbo, CHEN Weifeng, ZHUGE Yuping, DONG Yuanjie, WANG Hui. Accumulation Characteristics of Amino Sugars in Salinized Soils of Different Types in the Yellow River Delta[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2018,55(2):390-398.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-10-31
  • 最后修改日期:2017-12-08
  • 录用日期:2017-12-29
  • 在线发布日期: 2018-01-02
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