基于灰色关联-结构方程模型的土壤酸化驱动因子研究
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国家农业农村部耕地质量监测与评价项目(2016FK0016)


Study on Driving Factors of Soil Acidification Based on Grey Correlation-Structure Equation Model
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the Project of Cropland Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of People’s Republic of China (No.2016FK0016)

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    摘要:

    准确揭示区域耕地土壤酸化的关键驱动因素对于耕地土壤酸化调控和质量提升具有重要意义。以福建省为研究区域,在利用1:5万省域耕地土壤类型空间数据库、1982年36 777个和2016年56 445个耕地表层调查样点土壤属性数据以及气象站点相关气候要素、酸雨监测点降水pH和化肥施用量等数据建立省域耕地土壤酸化及其可能影响因素空间数据库基础上,借助灰色斜率关联和结构方程分析模型,深入探讨1982—2016年间福建省耕地土壤酸化的关键驱动因素。灰色斜率关联分析结果表明,年均单位面积施肥量、土壤阳离子交换量(CEC)、土壤黏粒、年均降水量、降水年均pH和土壤有机质等6个因子是福建省耕地土壤酸化的主要驱动因素;结构方程模型分析进一步阐明大量施用化肥、多雨气候条件以及酸雨是加速福建省耕地土壤酸化的关键驱动因素。合理优化施肥结构实现科学减量施用化肥和严控工业酸性废气排放控制酸雨形成是减缓福建省耕地土壤酸化的必要途径。

    Abstract:

    【Objective】 Soil pH is an important indicator of soil fertility and also a factor significantly impacting crop growth and production. Soil acidification, as a result of the joint effects of a number of external and intrinsic factors, has become an urgent problem to solve for sustainable development of agricultural production in China. How these factors affect soil acidification differ significantly in pathway and effect. It is, therefore, of critical significance to elucidate region-specific key driving factors of soil acidification to the control of soil acidification and improvement of soil quality.【Method】The study set Fujian Province as its research object. Based on the 1:50 000 spatial cropland and soil type databases of the province, the data of topsoil properties of the 36 777 sampling sites investigated in 1982 and the 56 445 sampling sites in 2016, and other relevant data including climate elements at the meteorological stations, pH of the precipitation at the acid rain monitoring points and fertilizer application rates from 1982 to 2016 in Fujian Province, a spatial database of cropland soil acidification and its potential affecting factors of the province was established. On such a basis, in-depth discussion was performed of key driving factors of cropland soil acidification in the province during the period from 1982 to 2016 with the aid of the grey slope correlation (GSCM)-structure equation (SEM) model. 【Result】Results show that soil pH of the cropland had decreased on average by 0.34 unit and 70.67% of the cropland soils had been acidified in various degrees by 2016 in Fujian Province, and the acidification varied significantly and spatially in degree. GSCM analysis shows that the main driving factors of the cropland soil acidification in Fujian Province included annual mean fertilizer application rate, CEC, clay content, annual mean precipitation, annual mean pH of the precipitation and organic matter content. Grey correlation coefficient of their absolute values was higher than 0.620. The key driving factors of the cropland soil acidification illuminated by SEM included severe acid rain, high precipitation and high application rate of chemical fertilizers, reaching 0.38, -0.40 and -0.70 in direct effect, 0.11,-0.35 and -0.16 in indirect effect, and 0.49, -0.75 and -0.86 in total effect, respectively.【Conclusion】The model of SEM-GSCM proves to be a better method to explore for key driving factors of cropland soil acidification in different regions. An effective approach to control of cropland soil acidification in Fujian is to control acid rain through controlling the industry from emitting acidic exhaust gas, and optimize fertilizer management through extrapolating the use of organic manure to minimize chemical fertilizer application in agriculture.

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周碧青,邱龙霞,张黎明,张 秀,陈成榕,邢世和.基于灰色关联-结构方程模型的土壤酸化驱动因子研究[J].土壤学报,2018,55(5):1233-1242. DOI:10.11766/trxb201712120594 ZHOU Biqing, QIU Longxia, ZHANG Liming, ZHANG Xiu, CHEN Chengrong, XING Shihe. Study on Driving Factors of Soil Acidification Based on Grey Correlation-Structure Equation Model[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2018,55(5):1233-1242.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-12-12
  • 最后修改日期:2018-02-26
  • 录用日期:2018-04-03
  • 在线发布日期: 2018-06-25
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