基于传统和高通量测序技术研究地膜对辣椒土壤特性及细菌多样性的影响
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国家自然科学基金项目(31360506);广西优势外向型蔬菜绿色高效栽培技术集成与示范项目(AA17204041);研究生教育创新项目(YCSW2017044,JGY2017003);亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室开放课题(OSKL201506);广西壮族自治区农业科学院广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室开放课题(16-K-04-01)


Effect of different mulching treatments on soil properties and bacterial diversity in pepper fields
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the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31360506), the Science and Technology Major Project of Guangxi (AA17204041), and the State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (OSKL201506)

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    摘要:

    以不同种类地膜覆盖条件下辣椒菜园土壤为研究对象,运用传统和高通量测序技术,研究南方地区不同种类地膜覆盖对辣椒菜园土壤理化、生物学性状和细菌多样性的影响。结果表明:南方地区蔬菜生产中利用不同种类地膜,尤其以聚乙烯为原料的白色透明地膜、黑色地膜和银色地膜不仅有助于提高辣椒耕作层土壤温度与含水量,而且对减缓土壤pH的下降具有显著效果。此外,在细菌门分类水平上,不同种类地膜覆盖条件下土壤细菌的优势菌群表现为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)和芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)细菌,其中以变形菌门(Proteobacteria)细菌的丰度最高;属分类水平上,不可培养细菌属、黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium)、溶杆菌属(Lysobacter)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、H16(Ralstonia eutropha)和鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)细菌是南方地区不同种类地膜覆盖土壤中的优势菌属。此外,地膜覆盖不仅降低了土壤中对环境条件要求苛刻的不可培养细菌的丰度,而且有助于溶杆菌属和芽孢杆菌属等部分具有促生功能细菌的积聚。上述结果表明:南方地区蔬菜生产中利用地膜并没有导致菜园土壤质量劣化,而且有助于提高土壤肥力和保持土壤健康。

    Abstract:

    【Objective】Soil erosion and declining of soil fertility is becoming a severe problem in vegetable fields in South China. In practice, mulching system has become one of the effective measures for solving this problem. However, the study of the different mulching on soil biological properties and bacterial diversity in vegetable fields were rarely investigated.【Method】Soil samples were collected from pepper fields with different mulching treatments in South China. Soil temperature, water contents, soil microbial biomass, enzyme activity were analyzed by traditional ways and bacterial diversity was studied by using high-throughput sequencing techniques. 【Result】The soil temperatures in different layers from the depths of 5 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm and 20 cm were increased 0.05~2.93 ℃, 0.06~1.88 ℃, 0.45~2.16 ℃ and 0.23~2.46 ℃, respectively. Meanwhile, soil water content was increased 13.3%~19.4% under different mulching conditions which compared to control. By contrast, soil pH was also raised from 0.01 to 0.19 under different mulching conditions which compared to CK. In addition, the enzyme activity and microbial biomass were also significantly increased which relative to type of the mulch, i.e. in turn, colorless transparent film, black film and silver film which are all made of polyethylene. Soil bacterial diversity, Flavobacterium, Lysobacter, Alcaligenes Sphingomonas and Bacillus turned out to be the dominant groups and the soil bacteria therein were higher in richness, diversity and evenness in soils under different mulching conditions which compared to CK. In particularly, soil bacteria, such as Lysobacter and Bacillus, that are capable of protecting the ecology and promoting plant growth, were found accumulating in the soils of mulching conditions. 【Conclusion】 The colorless transparent plastic film mulching is the best for increasing soil temperature, water content and enzyme activity. And all the mulching treatments not only can improve the soil physical and chemical characteristic, increase the soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities, but also can accumulate some of the plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) in pepper fields. All the findings indicate that instead of degrading soil quality of the pepper fields, the current practice of film mulching will help build up soil fertility and improve soil health

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刘岳飞,吴人敏,张传进,姚华开,杨尚东.基于传统和高通量测序技术研究地膜对辣椒土壤特性及细菌多样性的影响[J].土壤学报,2019,56(4):986-993. DOI:10.11766/trxb201810100018 LIU Yuefei, WU Renmin, ZHANG Chuanjin, YAO Huakai, YANG Shangdong. Effect of different mulching treatments on soil properties and bacterial diversity in pepper fields[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2019,56(4):986-993.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-01-07
  • 最后修改日期:2019-02-13
  • 录用日期:2019-03-17
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-04-30
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