吉兰泰盐湖盆地土壤重金属铬、汞、砷分布的多方法评价
作者:
作者单位:

作者简介:

通讯作者:

中图分类号:

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目(51969022)、内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2018MS05006)和美国国家自然科学基金项目(100653-010)


Evaluation Using Numerous Methods of Distribution of Heavy Metals Cr , Hg and As in Jilantai Salt Lake Basin
Author:
Affiliation:

Fund Project:

National Natural Sciences Foundation(No.51969022)Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 2018MS05006)and the National Science Foundation of the United States(No.100653-010)

  • 摘要
  • |
  • 图/表
  • |
  • 访问统计
  • |
  • 参考文献
  • |
  • 相似文献
  • |
  • 引证文献
  • |
  • 资源附件
  • |
  • 文章评论
    摘要:

    选择西北旱区吉兰泰盐湖盆地为研究对象,以随机布点法对表土层(0~10 cm)、心土层(50 cm)、底土层(100 cm)的重金属铬(Cr)、汞(Hg)、砷(As)以及主要化学成分进行空间采样测定,揭示Cr、Hg、As的空间分布特征,研究确定其土壤环境背景值,并以此背景值为评价基准,利用单因子污染指数、地累积指数、生态风险指数、内梅罗综合污染指数、潜在生态风险综合指数、污染负荷指数等六种常用方法对表土进行评价及对比分析。结果表明:盐湖盆地表层土壤中Cr、Hg、As总体具有相似的空间分布特征;盐湖盆地土壤Cr、Hg、As背景值分别为27.89 mg•kg-1、0.039 mg•kg-1、12.83 mg•kg-1,对比宁夏、新疆等相关地区,盆地Cr背景值较低,Hg背景值较高,As元素相近;以背景值为基准进行污染评价,盆地表层土壤重金属污染顺序依次为Hg、Cr、As,简单指数法呈现Cr、Hg、As整体处于轻微污染状态, Hg存在的生态风险较Cr、As大,类似的,综合指数法表明盆地整体上处于轻微污染状态,综合生态风险相对较大;单因子污染指数法的土壤污染等级评价结果大于综合污染指数法;三种综合指数法均与三种简单指数法对Hg的评价结果具有显著相关性,表明盐湖盆地表层土壤中Cr、Hg、As形成受到成土母质、天然水文地球化学作用和气候特征条件等综合作用的影响,局部受到人类活动的扰动。

    Abstract:

    【Objective】In recent years, the study on heavy metal pollution in soil has become popular. Although quite a number of scholars reported achievements in this field, they have not overcome the defects in regional background value and evaluation method, especially in salt lake basins in the arid region. So, it was difficult for them to achieve accurate results. The objective of this paper is to characterize spatial distribution and determine environmental background values of heavy metals pollutants, to evaluate soil quality using different methods, and to investigate sources of heavy metals pollution in salt lake basins, in an expectation to provide certain scientific reference for researchers in studies on accumulating basic data, determining environmental capacity, setting up soil environmental standards, protecting soil environment, eliminating soil environmental risks, rationalizing utilization of soil resources and so on and for government policy-makers in all these fields. 【Method】The Jilantai Salt Lake Basin, located in the arid region of Northwest China, was selected as the object for the study. Soil samples were collected from topsoil (0 to 10 cm), subsoil (50 cm) and substrate (100 cm) in the study area using the random arrangement method. Heavy metals (e.g. Cr, Hg and As) for analysis of chemical composition in the Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Water Resources Protection and Utilization. Spatial distribution of Cr, Hg and As was characterized through geo-statistical interpolation maps and background values of the elements in the soil environment were determined as benchmarks for evaluation of soil quality. Six commonly used methods (i.e. single factor index, geo-accumulation index, ecological risk index method, Nemero index, potential ecological risk integration index and pollution load index) were used to evaluate soil quality for comparison analysis. 【Result】Results show that the three heavy metal elements, Cr, Hg, and As, in the Jilantai Basin, were on the whole quite similar in spatial distribution characteristic; the background value of Cr, Hg and As in the soil of the basin was 27.89 mg•kg-1, 0.039 mg•kg-1and 12.83 mg•kg-1, respectively; Cr was higher in the Bayinwula Mountain Region, the Wulanbuhe Desert Region, and the hilly southwestern part of the study area; Hg was higher only in the northeastern and the hilly southwestern parts of the study area; and As was higher areas near the lake, the Helan Mountain Region, the Bayinwula Mountain Region, and the Wulanbuhe Desert Region. The evaluation based on background value reveals that the three pollution elements in the topsoil of the study area followed a decreasing order of Hg > Cr > As in pollution level; the evaluation using the simple factor index method shows that Cr, Hg and As were all light in pollution level in the study area; the evaluation using the ecological risk method indicates that Hg was higher than Cr and As in ecological risk; and the evaluation using the comprehensive pollution index method suggests that the pollution of the three elements, when talked about separately, was slight in the topsoil, but their comprehensive ecological risk was high. The pollution level evaluated with the simple factor index methods was higher than that evaluated with the comprehensive pollution index method, Furthermore, the correlation coefficients of the evaluations using the two methods, simple and comprehensive, reached over 0.80 and 0.65 (a=0.01), respectively. In evaluating Hg, all the evaluations using the three comprehensive pollution index methods were significantly correlated with those using the three simple factor index methods, with correlation coefficient being 0.53 (a=0.01), while no significant correlations were found with the other two heavy metal elements.【Conclusion】It can be concluded from the spatial distribution characteristics and the evaluations that the presence of Cr, Hg and As in the surface soil of the salt lake basin is subject to the comprehensive impact of soil-forming parent material, natural hydro-geochemistry and climatic conditions, and partially to the disturbance of human activities.

    参考文献
    相似文献
    引证文献
引用本文

张阿龙,高瑞忠,张 生,贾德彬,杜丹丹,秦子元,王喜喜.吉兰泰盐湖盆地土壤重金属铬、汞、砷分布的多方法评价[J].土壤学报,2020,57(1):130-141. DOI:10.11766/trxb201810160364 ZHANG Along, GAO Ruizhong, ZHANG Sheng, JIA Debin, DU Dandan, QIN Ziyuan, WANG Xixi. Evaluation Using Numerous Methods of Distribution of Heavy Metals Cr, Hg and As in Jilantai Salt Lake Basin[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2020,57(1):130-141.

复制
分享
文章指标
  • 点击次数:
  • 下载次数:
  • HTML阅读次数:
  • 引用次数:
历史
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-09
  • 最后修改日期:2018-11-22
  • 录用日期:2019-04-19
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-11-07
  • 出版日期: