农用地膜残留对土壤氮素运移及烤烟根系生长的影响
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贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2018]2335、黔科合基础[2019]1212)和中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技项目(201933、201722)资助


Impacts of Mulching Plastic Film Residue on Migration of Soil Nitrogen and Growth of Flue-cured Tobacco Roots
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Supported by the Science and Technology Project of Guizhou Province of China (Nos.[2018]2335 and [2019]1212) and the Science and Technology Project of Guizhou Provincial Corporation of China Tobacco Company(Nos. 201933 and 201722)

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    摘要:

    为了揭示不同残膜量对土壤硝态氮和铵态氮运移及烤烟根系生长的影响,设置 0(CK)、450 kg·hm-2(T1)、900 kg·hm-2(T2)以及1 350 kg·hm-2(T3)四个残膜梯度,进行土柱淋溶试验和盆栽试验,测定土壤硝态氮和铵态氮含量以及烤烟根长、根表面积、根体积、平均根系直径、根尖数和干物质累积量等指标。结果表明,地膜残留对土壤养分运动产生阻滞作用,硝态氮和铵态氮的迁移明显减弱;随着残膜量的增加,烤烟根长、根表面积、根体积等根系形态参数逐渐降低,根系生长受到抑制。当残膜量高于900 kg·hm-2时,对烤烟根部和地上部生长产生明显影响。因此,地膜残留会明显阻碍土壤养分的运移并制约烤烟的生长发育。

    Abstract:

    To explore impacts of mulching plastic film residue (MPFR) on migration of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in soil and growth of flue-cured tobacco roots. A pot experiment coupled with soil column leaching test and was conducted and had the pots divided into four groups or treatments different in amount of MPFR in the soil, i.e. 0 (CK), 450 kg·hm-2 (T1), 900 kg·hm-2 (T2) and 1 350 kg·hm-2 (T3); contents of soil nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in different soil layers were determined, and length, surface area, volume, diameter and number of root tips and dry matter accumulation of flue-cured tobacco were also measured. MPFR in the soil retarded movement of soil nutrient, and hence migration of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in the soil significantly; MPFR inhibited development of flue-cured tobacco roots and affected, morphology parameters of the roots, such as length, surface area and volume, which decreased gradually with increasing amount of MPFR. When MPFR in the soil reached ≥900 kg·hm-2 in amount, it significant impeded growth of the underground and aboveground parts of the flue-cured tobacco. So, it is quite obviously that mulching plastic residues in the fields will inhibit migration of soil nutrients and growth and development of the flue-cured tobacco therein.

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高维常,蔡 凯,曾陨涛,林叶春,吴 思,罗小宝,潘文杰,李 震.农用地膜残留对土壤氮素运移及烤烟根系生长的影响[J].土壤学报,2020,57(6):1556-1563. DOI:10.11766/trxb201906030257 GAO Weichang, CAI Kai, ZENG Yuntao, LIN Yechun, WU Si, LUO Xiaobao, PAN Wenjie, LI Zhen. Impacts of Mulching Plastic Film Residue on Migration of Soil Nitrogen and Growth of Flue-cured Tobacco Roots[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2020,57(6):1556-1563.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-05-10
  • 最后修改日期:2019-08-12
  • 录用日期:2019-09-17
  • 在线发布日期: 2020-08-25
  • 出版日期: 2020-11-11