[Objective] Soil erosion in the Mollisol region of Northeast China is a compound process occurring under the joint effect of water, wind, freeze-thaw and other external forces. However, so far researches on compound soil erosions in this region are still far from adequate, thus affecting precise implementation of soil erosion control measures. [Method] This paper applied a research strategy of combining an indoor wind erosion simulation experiment with a simulated rainfall experiment to analyze effects of early-stage surface wind erosion on hillslope water erosion in the Mollisol region of China.[Result] Results showed:（1) the foregoing wind erosion significantly delayed the generation of hillslope runoff, but it significantly increased hillslope runoff and soil loss (P<0.05), with both rates rising with wind velocity;（2) The foregoing wind erosion did have a positive effect on the following hillslope water erosion, and contribution of the former to the latter was increased significantly with rising wind velocity, but declined with rainfall intensity from 24.2%, 45.4%, 80.3%, down to 17.5%, 26.3% and 46.3%, respectively, when the wind was at 9, 12 and 15 m·s^-1, respectively; （3) The contribution of wind erosion was attributed on the one side to the effect of wind erosion reducing soil erosion resistance by lowering shear strength and impactness of the surface soil, and on the other side, to the effect of wind erosion causing generation of aeolian sand particles that impacted and scrubbed the land surface in their wind-driving movement, thus forming micromorphology of wind erosion dents, and in turn altering runoff paths on the slope, speeding up pooling of runoff on the slope, increasing flow velocity and reducing flow resistance, and eventually intensifying surface runoff erosion and sediment transport. In addition, the foregoing wind erosion also provided erosion material for the later hillslope water erosion. [Conclusion] All the findings of this study not only enrich the theory of compound soil erosion, but also provide a scientific basis for soil erosion control in the Mollisol region of China.