秸秆还田方式对丛枝菌根真菌群落和玉米磷素利用的影响
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S154.36

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国家自然科学基金项目(41922048,41807050)和江苏省杰出青年基金项目(BK20180049)资助


Effects of Different Treatments with Straw Returning on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Community and Corn Phosphorus Utilization Efficiency
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Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41922048 and 41807050) and the Outstanding Youth Scholar Program of Jiangsu Province of China (No. BK20180049)

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    摘要:

    丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)与80%左右的植物可形成共生结构,在农田生态系统中对植物—土壤系统养分循环起重要作用。为改善我国南方典型瘠薄红壤加速酸化、磷有效性低和土壤生物功能退化等严重问题,采用高通量测序技术揭示秸秆还田方式对根际AMF群落、土壤磷酸酶活性和磷素利用率的作用机制。结果表明,不同秸秆还田方式显著影响土壤理化性质,其中秸秆猪粪配施处理显著提升有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)、有效磷(AP)以及酸性磷酸酶(acid phosphomonoesterase,ACP)和碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphomonoesterase,ALP)活性。秸秆还田显著影响AMF多样性和群落结构,球囊霉属(Glomus)和类球囊霉属(Paraglomus)是AMF群落的优势属,SOC是影响AMF多样性和群落结构的关键因子。秸秆猪粪配施处理对玉米磷素利用率的提升效果最佳,显著高于秸秆还田和秸秆生物质炭处理。AP、TP、ACP活性和AMF群落多样性显著影响了磷肥利用率。不同秸秆还田方式下根际AMF群落可能调控了土壤磷素活化过程和玉米磷素利用效率,对于加强土壤健康管护和粮食产能提升具有重要意义。

    Abstract:

    【Objective】Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can form a symbiotic structure with 80% of plants, and play important roles in the nutrient cycling of the plant-soil system. As a typical soil in south China, red soils are facing numerous challenges including rapid acidification, low phosphorus availability, and the degradation of soil microbiome functioning. Straw returning has been proposed as an effective method to improve the fertility of red soils. In order to improve and control the degradation of red soil, we studied the effect of the AMF community in the rhizosphere on corn phosphorus utilization efficiency in a typical red soil.【Method】In this study, we performed a long-term field experiment by returning straw with equal carbon content in the Red Soil Agroecosystem Experiment Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Yingtan, Jiangxi Province. Five fertilization treatments were set up, including no fertilization (CK), conventional NPK(N), NPK with straw (NS), NPK with straw and pig manure (NSM), and NPK with straw biochar (NB). High-throughput sequencing was used to estimate the diversity and structure of the rhizosphere AMF community in driving plant growth and phosphorus utilization efficiency under the different treatments.【Result】The results showed that soil properties were significantly affected after treatments with straw. The NSM treatment increased significantly the contents of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and available phosphorus(AP), as well as the acid phosphomonoesterase (ACP) and alkaline phosphomonoesterase (ALP) activities. Treatments with straw significantly promoted the diversity and modified the structure of the rhizosphere AMF community. Glomus and Paraglomus were the two dominant genera in the AMF community. The diversity and structure of the AMF community were mainly affected by SOC. Corn yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency were the highest under the NSM treatment. Also, phosphate utilization efficiency was primarily affected by AP, TP, SOC, TN, the diversity and composition of the AMF community, and ACP activity.【Conclusion】The composition of the AMF community in the rhizosphere may regulate the phosphorus activation, corn productivity, and phosphorus utilization efficiency under all three treatments with straw. Our results highlight the importance of the rhizosphere AMF community in strengthening soil health and crop productivity.

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胡凯婕,栾璐,郑洁,李静,薛敬荣,孙波,蒋&#;霁.秸秆还田方式对丛枝菌根真菌群落和玉米磷素利用的影响[J].土壤学报,2023,60(1):269-279. DOI:10.11766/trxb202103280167 HU Kaijie, LUAN Lu, ZHENG Jie, LI Jing, XUE Jingrong, SUN Bo, JIANG Yuji. Effects of Different Treatments with Straw Returning on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Community and Corn Phosphorus Utilization Efficiency[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2023,60(1):269-279.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-03-28
  • 最后修改日期:2021-07-12
  • 录用日期:2021-09-07
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-09-09
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