不同种稻年限对苏打盐碱土孔隙和入渗性能的影响
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S156.4

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国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501205)资助


Effect of Different Rice Planting Years on Pore and Infiltration Properties of Soda Saline-alkali Soil
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Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFC0501205)

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    摘要:

    已有的科学研究和生产实践表明,种植水稻可以有效改良东北苏打盐碱土。但种植水稻是如何影响土壤结构和入渗性能来改良盐碱地的相关研究还比较缺乏。采用压汞法研究不同种稻年限土壤的微观孔隙变化,并通过土柱实验研究土壤入渗性能的差异,明确了种植水稻对盐碱土结构和入渗性能的影响。研究结果表明:土壤平均孔径随种植年限增加,种植7a的土壤平均孔径较1a的土壤增加了0.808μm;土壤比表面积随种植年限的增加降低,种植7a的土壤比表面积较1a的土壤降低了0.087 m2·g–1;土壤孔隙率随种植年限增加,种植 7a的土壤孔隙率较1a的土壤增加了8.35%。随着种植年限的增加,小孔隙数量减少,大中孔隙数量不断增加,种植7a的土壤孔隙在30~75 μm和75~200 μm这两个范围内的占比最大,分别为28.25%和12.45%。土壤入渗性能也显著提高,种植7a的土壤稳定入渗速率较荒地提高了107倍。盐碱地通过种植水稻,有利于土壤孔隙的形成和小孔隙数量减少,大中孔隙数量增加。土壤孔径和孔隙率的增加,有效改善了土壤结构,提高了土壤入渗性能。盐碱土壤盐分向下淋洗的速率增加,提高了土壤耕作层的脱盐效率。

    Abstract:

    【Objective】The existing scientific literature and production practice have proved that rice planting can effectively improve soda saline-alkali soil. However, there is still a lack of research on how rice planting affects soil structure and infiltration performance to improve saline-alkali land. 【Method】In this paper, the pressurized mercury method was used to study the micro-pore changes of soil in different years of rice planting and the difference of soil infiltration performance was studied by soil column experiment, to clarify the influence of rice planting on the change of saline-alkali soil structure and infiltration performance. 【Result】The result show that the average pore size of soil increased with an increase in the planting years. Specifically, the average pore size of soil in the 7th year increased by 0.808μm compared with that in the 1st year. Also, the specific surface area of soil decreased with an increase in planting years, and the specific surface area of soil after 7 years was decreased by 0.087m2·g–1 compared with that after one year. Soil porosity increased with the planting years, and the soil porosity after 7 years was increased by 8.35% compared with that in the 1styear. With the increase of planting years, the number of small pores decreased while that of large and medium pores increased. The pore size of the soil planted for 7 years was 28.25% (ranging from 30~75μm) and 12.45% (ranging from 75~200μm). Also, the infiltration performance of the soil was also significantly improved. The steady infiltration rate of soil planted for 7 years was 107 times higher than that of waste land. 【Conclusion】 Planting rice in saline alkali land is conducive to the formation of soil pores and the transformation from small pores to large and medium pores. The increase of soil pore size and porosity can effectively improve soil structure and improve soil infiltration performance. Under the experimental conditions, the leaching rate of salt in saline-alkali soil was increased, thereby enhancing the desalination efficiency of the soil tillage layer.

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周宾,胡树文.不同种稻年限对苏打盐碱土孔隙和入渗性能的影响[J].土壤学报,2023,60(1):99-105. DOI:10.11766/trxb202105180262 ZHOU Bin, HU Shuwen. Effect of Different Rice Planting Years on Pore and Infiltration Properties of Soda Saline-alkali Soil[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2023,60(1):99-105.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-05-18
  • 最后修改日期:2022-03-08
  • 录用日期:2022-04-21
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-04-22
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