沼液替代化肥对稻田土壤节肢动物群落的影响
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国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0505803)和江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)资助


Effects of Biogas Slurry Instead of Chemical Fertilizer on Soil Arthropod Community in Paddy Field
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    摘要:

    土壤节肢动物群落对施肥管理响应灵敏,是反映农田生态系统健康与稳定的重要指标。本文以江苏滩涂围垦稻田为例进行田间小区试验,研究沼液不同比例替代化肥(0%、33%、66%和100%)对土壤节肢动物群落在0~20 cm土层分布及多样性的影响。结果表明:各施肥处理下稻田土壤节肢动物优势类群均为前气门亚目(Prostigmata)、弹尾纲(Collembola)和甲螨亚目(Oribatida),分别占总密度的45.44%、20.00%、13.38%。沼液替代化肥(即沼液与化肥配施)有利于提高土壤节肢动物密度、多样性指数和丰富度指数。当沼液替代化肥比例为66%时(施N总量为225 kg·hm-2),土壤节肢动物密度、多样性指数和丰富度指数均显著高于纯化肥(沼液替代化肥比例为0%)处理(P<0.05),分别较纯化肥增加129.25%、8.67%和34.78%。相关性分析表明,土壤有机碳和全氮是影响稻田土壤节肢动物密度的主要因子。

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    【Objective】Soil arthropod is an important part of the soil ecosystem. They play an important role in decomposing organic matter, improving soil physical and chemical properties, improving soil fertility and promoting plant nutrient absorption. The arthropod community is sensitive to fertilization management and is, therefore an important indicator reflecting the health and stability of the farmland ecosystem.【Method】Soil samples were collected from experimental plots of reclaimed paddy fields in Jiangsu Tidal Flat, which has been running for 6 years. The plots were treated with biogas slurry instead of chemical fertilizer(0%, 33%, 66% and 100%). The collected samples were, analyzed for the effects of each treatment on species, quantity, community density and diversity of soil arthropods, and their relationship with the changes of soil properties.【Result】In the treatment of biogas slurry instead of chemical fertilizer, 1 024 soil animals were collected, belonging to 9 classes and 18 groups. The results showed that the dominant groups of soil arthropods in the paddy field under each fertilization treatment were Prostigmata, Collembola and Oribatida, accounting for 45.44%, 20% and 13.38% of the total density, respectively. Biogas slurry instead of chemical fertilizer(i.e. combined application of biogas slurry and chemical fertilizer)is beneficial for improving the density, diversity index and richness index of soil arthropods. When the ratio of biogas slurry to chemical fertilizer was 66%(the total amount of N applied was 225 kg·hm-2), the density, diversity index and richness index of soil arthropods were significantly higher than those of pure chemical fertilizer(the ratio of biogas slurry to chemical fertilizer was 0%)(P <0.05). Compared with pure chemical fertilizer, it increased by 129.25%, 8.67% and 34.78%, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that soil organic carbon and total nitrogen were the main factors affecting soil arthropod density in paddy fields.【Conclusion】The combined application of biogas slurry and chemical fertilizer has a significant effect on the soil arthropod community in paddy fields. From the effect of different proportions of biogas slurry replacing chemical fertilizer on soil arthropod density and community structure, the combined application of biogas slurry and chemical fertilizer is recommended instead of replacing chemical fertilizer.

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唐琪,曹蕾,钱建南,汤逸帆,申建华,韩建刚.沼液替代化肥对稻田土壤节肢动物群落的影响[J].土壤学报,2023,60(3):904-912. DOI:10.11766/trxb202109240513 TANG Qi, CAO Lei, QIAN Jiannan, TANG Yifan, SHEN Jianhua, HAN Jiangang. Effects of Biogas Slurry Instead of Chemical Fertilizer on Soil Arthropod Community in Paddy Field[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2023,60(3):904-912.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-09-24
  • 最后修改日期:2022-01-29
  • 录用日期:2022-03-26
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-04-19
  • 出版日期: 2023-05-28