The effects of iron-manganese oxidizing bacteria-induced mineralization on the environmental behavior of heavy metals were reviewed, including iron/manganese-oxidizing bacteria and biomineralization, iron/manganese- oxidizing bacteria-induced iron-manganese oxide precipitation coupled with heavy metal stabilization, and the effect of iron-manganese oxide on heavy metals in soils. The application of iron/manganese-oxidizing bacteria in the bioremediation of different heavy metals was further summarized from the aspects of the biological mineralization pattern of iron/manganese-oxidizing bacteria (direct or indirect catalytic mineralization of iron oxide protein/enzyme, dual electron transfer reaction of manganese oxidase dominated by polycopper oxidase and the mineralization induced by external factors), heavy metal stabilization mechanisms of iron/manganese-oxidizing bacteria biological mineralization in soils(precipitation/coprecipitation, adsorption/complexation and redox). The effects of extracellular polymers, temperature and pH, coexisting ions and other factors on the mineralization process were also analyzed, in order to provide theoretical references for microbial-induced mineralization to remediate heavy metal pollution. Future work should focus on the long-term stability of heavy metals generated by minerals, the regulation of different microbial species combinations on mineralization, and the application of iron/manganese-oxidizing bacteria in the remediation of soil multi-heavy metal contaminated sites.