香蕉根围土壤尖孢镰刀菌与养分特征及相关性
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S154.3

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国家自然科学基金项目(31972509和42107142)资助


Characteristics and Correlation of Fusarium oxysporum and Soil Nutrients around Banana Roots
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31972509和42107142

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    摘要:

    拟通过分析香蕉种植土壤中尖孢镰刀菌数量与养分含量,阐明香蕉枯萎病发生流行时土壤中尖孢镰刀菌与养分的特征及其相互关系,为香蕉枯萎病的防控提供一定的理论依据。在我国及老挝15块香蕉园中分别随机采集9个罹患枯萎病与9个未患病植株根围土壤样品,应用实时荧光定量PCR与土壤农化分析技术,测定了270个土壤样品中尖孢镰刀菌数量与养分含量。结果表明,患病香蕉根围土壤中尖孢镰刀菌的数量显著高于未患病土壤,每克干土中lg转化后的平均拷贝数为5.5;而患病与未患病植株土壤各养分指标之间几乎无显著差异。各养分指标在土壤中含量分布规律各不相同,其中仅有机质与全磷的含量呈正态分布,土壤pH、全氮及锌的含量呈偏正态分布。蒙特尔检验结果表明,土壤整体养分含量与尖孢镰刀菌数量显著相关。各养分与尖孢镰刀菌的斯皮尔曼相关性分析进一步发现,土壤pH、铁、锰、铜、锌的含量与土壤中尖孢镰刀菌的数量呈显著负相关关系。此外,不同酸性程度及不同有机质含量土壤中尖孢镰刀菌与各养分的相关性分析发现,在弱酸性蕉园土壤(pH>6.0)中,土壤尖孢镰刀菌的数量与铁、锰、铜的含量显著负相关;而在有机质含量未严重缺乏(SOM>1%)的土壤中,土壤尖孢镰刀菌的数量与土壤pH及铁、锰、铜、锌的含量呈现显著负相关关系。在我国及老挝香蕉产区蕉园土壤普遍呈现酸化趋势,患病香蕉植株根围土壤中尖孢镰刀菌数量上升,而尖孢镰刀菌与土壤pH及微量元素,尤其是铁、锰、铜、锌的含量呈负相关关系。

    Abstract:

    【Objective】 This study aimed to elucidate the characteristics and correlations between Fusarium oxysporum and soil nutrients in banana orchards with Panama wilt occurring through analyzing the number of F. oxysporum and nutrient contents in soils. This can provide a certain theoretical basis for the prevention and control of banana Panama wilt.【Method】 Nine symptomatic and nine non-symptomatic banana plants in each orchard from 15 banana orchards in the main banana production areas in China and Laos were randomly selected for soil sample collection. Then real-time quantitative PCR and soil agrochemical analysis were used to explore the abundance of F. oxysporum and nutrient contents in the 270 sampled soils.【Result】 The result showed that the abundance of F. oxysporum in the soil sampled near the symptomatic banana roots was significantly higher than that collected near the non-symptomatic banana roots, with an average copy of 5.5 as lg-transformed per gram of dry soil. However, there were almost no significant differences between the nutrient contents of soils sampled from symptomatic and non-symptomatic banana plants. The distribution of various indexes of soil nutrients in the studied banana orchards was different based on each factor. Among them, only the contents of organic matter and total phosphorus were distributed normally while the soil pH, and contents of total nitrogen and zinc were skewed normal distribution. Mantel test results further displayed that the overall soil nutrients were significantly correlated to the abundance of F. oxysporum. Specifically, the soil pH, and contents of iron, manganese, and copper were significantly and negatively correlated to the abundance of F. oxysporum revealed by the Spearman correlation analysis between the abundance of F. oxysporum and each soil nutrient. In addition, the correlation analysis between F. oxysporum and nutrients in soils with different degrees of acidity and different organic matter contents showed that in the weakly acidic banana garden soil (pH > 6.0), the number of F. oxysporum in soils was significantly negatively correlated with the contents of iron, manganese and copper. Meanwhile in soils where organic matter contents were not seriously lacking (> 1%), the abundance of F. oxysporum in soils displayed a significant negative correlation with soil pH and the contents of iron, manganese, copper and zinc.【Conclusion】 In summary, banana orchards in the main banana production areas in China and Laos usually exhibit an acidification trend. Symptomatic banana soil showed an increase of F. oxysporum with a negative correlation to soil pH and the contents of trace elements, especially iron, manganese, copper and zinc.

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刘泽弦,王蓓蓓,陶成圆,欧燕楠,吕娜娜,沈宗专,李荣,沈其荣.香蕉根围土壤尖孢镰刀菌与养分特征及相关性[J].土壤学报,2023,60(4):1134-1145. DOI:10.11766/trxb202112050660 LIU Zexian, WANG Beibei, TAO Chengyuan, Ou Yannan, LÜ Nana, SHEN Zongzhuan, LI Rong, SHEN Qirong. Characteristics and Correlation of Fusarium oxysporum and Soil Nutrients around Banana Roots[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2023,60(4):1134-1145.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-03-01
  • 最后修改日期:2022-05-02
  • 录用日期:2022-07-26
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-09-02
  • 出版日期: 2023-07-28