稻虾种养新模式对稻田土壤肥力和微生物群落结构的影响
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中图分类号:

S154.3

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目(42167006、41967055)、江西省水利科学院江西省鄱阳湖水资源与环境重点实验室开放研究基金项目(2020GPSYS03)和江西省自然科学基金项目(20212BAB203023)资助


Effects of a New Rice-Shrimp Farming Model on Soil Fertility and Microbial Community Structure in Paddy Field
Author:
  • LAI Zheng

    LAI Zheng

    College of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China;Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropical Plant Resources, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China;Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China;Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528225, China
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  • XIAO Liting

    XIAO Liting

    Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropical Plant Resources, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
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  • LAI Sheng

    LAI Sheng

    Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropical Plant Resources, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
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  • YANG Huilin

    YANG Huilin

    Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropical Plant Resources, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
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  • NI Caiying

    NI Caiying

    College of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China;Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
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  • YANG Wenjing

    YANG Wenjing

    College of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China;Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
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  • JIAN Minfei

    JIAN Minfei

    College of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China;Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropical Plant Resources, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China;Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
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Fund Project:

Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.42167006, 41967055), the Open Research Project of Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Water Resources and Environment of Jiangxi Province in Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering (No. 2020GPSYS03) and Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation Project (20212BAB203023)

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    摘要:

    为探究稻虾种养新模式对稻田土壤肥力和微生物群落组成的影响,基于稻田土壤理化指标测定和16S rDNA扩增子高通量测序技术,比较稻虾种养新模式(NRS)、稻虾种养传统模式(TRS)和水稻单作模式(CK)对稻田土壤理化指标和微生物多样性和群落结构的影响。结果显示:与CK和TRS相比,稻虾种养新模式能显著提高土壤pH、有机质、有效磷、速效钾含量和土壤微生物多样性和丰富度。与CK相比,NRS稻田土壤细菌优势菌门中的酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门和疣微菌门相对丰度分别增加30.89%、36.38%和2.16%,变形菌门和脱硫菌门相对丰度分别降低17.96%和58.59%。与TRS相比,NRS稻田土壤细菌优势菌门中的脱硫菌门相对丰度增加14.93%,绿弯菌门、疣微菌门、变形菌门和酸杆菌门相对丰度分别降低39.29%、37.42%、16.27%和6.81%。相关性分析表明,土壤有机质、速效氮、有效磷、速效钾和pH是影响稻田土壤微生物群落结构的主要理化因子。以上研究表明,稻虾种养新模式有利于提升稻田土壤肥力,显著提高了稻田土壤微生物多样性和改善微生物群落结构;研究结果对稻虾种养新模式的示范推广具有一定的指导意义和参考价值。

    Abstract:

    【Objective】This study was designed to explore the impact of a new rice-shrimp farming model (NRS) on soil fertility and microbial community composition in paddy field. 【Method】Three different farming treatments: new rice-shrimp farming model (NRS), traditional rice-shrimp farming model (TRS) and rice monoculture (CK) were set up, with CK as control. The paddy field physicochemical indexes and microbial diversity and community structure were determined by using the soil agrochemical analysis method and 16S rDNA amplicon high-throughput sequencing technology. 【Result】Compared with CK and TRS, NRS significantly improved the contents of soil organic matter, available K, available P and pH. NRS significantly increased the microbial diversity and species richness. A total of 32 phyla, 80 classes, 202 orders, 347 families and 491 genera of bacterial groups were detected in the paddy field of three models. The dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Chloroflexi, Verrucomicrobiota and Desulfobacterota. Compared with CK, NRS changed the composition of the soil microbial community. Among the bacterial dominant phyla, the relative abundances of Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi and Verrucomicrobiota were increased by 30.89%, 36.38% and 2.16%, while the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Desulfobacteria decreased by 17.96% and 58.59%, respectively. Compared with TRS, NRS also changed the composition of the soil microbial community. Among the bacterial dominant phyla, the relative abundances of Desulfobacteria increased by 14.93%, while the relative abundance of Chloroflexi, Verrucomicrobiota, Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria decreased by 39.29%, 37.42%, 16.27% and 6.81%, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that soil organic matter, available potassium, available phosphorus, available nitrogen and pH were the main physicochemical factors affecting the structure of soil microbial community in paddy field. 【Conclusion】The new rice-shrimp farming model is conducive to improving soil fertility, significantly improving soil microbial diversity and altering microbial community structure. The results of this study have certain guiding significance and reference for the demonstration and promotion of the new rice-shrimp farming model.

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赖政,肖力婷,赖胜,杨慧林,倪才英,阳文静,简敏菲.稻虾种养新模式对稻田土壤肥力和微生物群落结构的影响[J].土壤学报,2023,60(6):1790-1800. DOI:10.11766/trxb202205150255 LAI Zheng, XIAO Liting, LAI Sheng, YANG Huilin, NI Caiying, YANG Wenjing, JIAN Minfei. Effects of a New Rice-Shrimp Farming Model on Soil Fertility and Microbial Community Structure in Paddy Field[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2023,60(6):1790-1800.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-05-15
  • 最后修改日期:2022-07-19
  • 录用日期:2022-09-22
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-10-09
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