【Objective】 Albic soil is one of the main soil types with low productivity in Northeast China, mainly distributed in Sanjiang Plain. The soil profile is mainly composed of three layers, the black soil layer, the albic layer, and the illuvial layer. The albic layer has the physical characteristics of high bulk density, high strength, and poor aeration and water permeability, which is easily subjected to drought and waterlogging, thus, limiting crop root growth and yield formation. Its buried depth and thickness are closely related to the penetration depth and growth performance of crop roots, which are the key indexes to quantify the productivity of albic soil. However, little is known about the spatial distribution and driving factors of buried depth and thickness of the albic layer in the albic soil in Sanjiang Plain. The objective of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution pattern and driving factors of the buried depth and thickness of the albic layer in the albic soil in Sanjiang Plain. 【Method】 Based on classical statistics and geostatistics, the albic soil in the southeast of Sanjiang Plain ( Jidong County, Mishan City, Hulin City, and Baoqing County) was selected, and the soil profile of 0-60 cm was excavated. The thickness of the black soil layer and the albic layer was obtained by visual method, and the soils of the black soil layer, and the albic layer were taken for physical and chemical analysis. In addition, the meteorological, topographic, and parent material data of each sample point were collected. A total of 62 sampling points were obtained from 51 sampling points in the field and 11 points in the literature survey. 【Result】 (1) The average buried depth of the albic layer in the albic soil was 23.7 cm, and it gradually increased from southwest to northeast (13-37 cm). The average thickness was 18.5 cm, which gradually increased from southwest to northeast (8-35 cm), and the buried depth was opposite to the thickness of the albic layer in some local areas. (2) The burial depth of the albic layer was mainly affected by human tillage methods, and plough tillage increased the burial depth of the albic layer. (3) The thickness of the albic layer was negatively correlated with altitude ( r=–0.355, P<0.01), annual average evaporation ( r = –0.441, P<0.01), annual average temperature ( r=–0.273, P < 0.05), and clay mineral montmorillonite ( r=–0.432, P< 0.01), but positively correlated with annual average precipitation ( r=0.463, P<0.01), annual average humidity index ( r=0.461, P<0.01), coarse mineral hydromica (r=0.446, P<0.01), and coarse mineral quartz ( r=0.321, P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The buried depth of the albic horizon in the Sanjiang Plain is related to tillage methods. The thickness of the albic horizon is mainly affected by meteorological topographic factors and soil minerals, resulting in a spatial distribution pattern of shallow and thin in the southwest and deep and thick in the northeast.