【Objective】The spatial distribution of soil is consistent with the changes in bioclimatic conditions, with the soil mineral and organic composition also showing certain zonal changes. Consequently, the evolution of soil minerals accompanies the changes in soil surface properties. However, it remains unclear how these changes will vary among soil particles of different sizes. The goal of this study was to research the surface properties of soil particles with different diameters of 0-500, 500-1 000, 1 000-2 000, and > 2 000 nm in the latitudinal zonal soils and reveal the zonal changes of soil particle surface properties in different particle diameter ranges. 【Method】The surface electrochemical properties (specific surface area, surface charge amount, charge density) of soil particles were determined by the combined determination method, the organic matter of soil particles was determined by the potassium dichromate method, the mineral composition of soil particles was determined by X-ray diffractometer. 【Result】It was found that: (1) < 2 000 nm soil particles played a major role in the contribution of soil organic matter, secondary minerals, specific surface area, and surface charge while < 500 nm soil particles were the largest contributors to the soil specific surface area and surface charge. (2) With the decrease of latitude, the content of 0-500 nm particles gradually increased, the content of secondary minerals increased, the content of organic matter decreased, and the soil surface charge and specific surface area showed decreasing trends. (3) The soil-specific surface area and surface charge in the high latitude area increased linearly with the increase of the content of organic matter and montmorillonite, and the influence of montmorillonite content was greater than that of organic matter content. There was no obvious linear relationship between the specific surface area and surface charge with the increase of illite content. Also, the soil-specific surface area and surface charge increased linearly with the increase of organic matter content in the low latitude area while there was no obvious linear relationship between the specific surface area and surface charge with the increase of illite or kaolinite content. 【Conclusion】The soil specific surface area and surface charge at high latitudes were mainly affected by the contents of montmorillonite and organic matter, while the soil specific surface area and surface charge at low latitudes were mainly affected by the content of illite and organic matter.