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产酶溶杆菌生物有机肥对丹参根腐病的防控效果及微生态机制解析
作者:
作者单位:

南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院/国家有机类肥料重点实验室/江苏省固体有机废弃物资源化高新技术研究重点实验室

中图分类号:

S154.37

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFC3501501），国家自然科学基金项目（42090064, 42377118）和江苏省自然科学基金（BK20240194）


The Biocontrol Effect and Microecological Mechanism of Lysobacter enzymogenes Bio-organic fertilizer on Salvia miltiorrhiza Root Rot
Author:
Affiliation:

College of Resources and Environmental Science Nanjing Agricultural University,Key Lab of Organic-Based Fertilizers of China and Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization,Nanjing Agricultural University

Fund Project:

the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2022YFC3501501), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 42090064 and 42377118) and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20240194)

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    摘要:

    丹参（Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge）是我国传统大宗中药材之一，为多年生草本植物。集约化种植导致丹参土传病害频发，其中根腐病为典型的丹参土传病害，严重制约了丹参产量与品质提升。本研究从加拿大一枝黄花（Solidago canadensis L.）根际分离筛选出1株对丹参根腐病致病菌Fusarium oxysporum 220具有较强拮抗作用的产酶溶杆菌Lysobacter enzymogenes Le395。为筛选菌株Le395的高效发酵基质，选取烟草秸秆、稻草秸秆、高粱秸秆、玉米秸秆和加拿大一枝黄花秸秆进行微生物固体发酵，得到菌株Le395最佳发酵基质为加拿大一枝黄花秸秆，并以其为基质制备产酶溶杆菌生物有机肥（BOF）。进一步利用盆栽试验评估BOF防控丹参根腐病的能力，结果显示施加BOF处理对丹参根腐病具有较好的防控效果，与对照组（CK）相比，发病率降低50.3%，病情指数降低50.2%。同时该生物有机肥具有良好的促生效果，施加BOF的处理地上部分鲜物质量较CK增加163.1%，地下部分鲜物质量增加147.0%。结合qPCR和宏基因组测序分析发现，施加BOF能够显著降低丹参根际镰刀菌属丰度和尖孢镰刀菌的数量，提高根际溶杆菌属和产酶溶杆菌的丰度，同时调控了根际微生物群落结构组成，提高了根际抗病相关功能基因的丰度。相关研究结果为建立以生物有机肥为核心的丹参根腐病生态绿色防控策略提供了理论和技术支撑。

    Abstract:

    Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, commonly known as Danshen, is a perennial herbaceous plant that is a traditional and widely used medicinal herb in China. Intensive cultivation has led to frequent outbreaks of soil-borne diseases, notably root rot, which significantly limits the yield and quality of Danshen. In this study, a bacterium with strong antagonistic activity against the root rot pathogen Fusarium oxysporum 220, identified as Lysobacter enzymogenes Le395, was isolated from the rhizosphere of Solidago canadensis. To identify the most effective fermentation substrate for strain Le395, solid-state fermentation was conducted using tobacco straw, rice straw, sorghum straw, corn straw, and S. canadensis straw. The results showed that S. canadensis straw was the optimal substrate. Using this carrier, a bio-organic fertilizer (BOF) containing Le395 was prepared. Pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of this BOF in controlling Danshen root rot. The results indicated that the application of Le395 BOF significantly reduced the incidence of root rot by 50.0% and the disease index by 50.2% compared to the control treatment. Moreover, the BOF exhibited significant growth-promoting effects, increasing the fresh weight of the above-ground parts by 163.1% and the fresh weight of the below-ground parts by 147.0% compared to the control. qPCR and metagenomics sequencing analyses revealed that the application of Le395 BOF significantly decreased the abundance of Fusarium and F. oxysporum in the rhizosphere of Danshen. It also increased the abundance of Lysobacter and L. enzymogenes, while modulating the rhizosphere microbial community structure and enhancing the abundance of disease resistance-related functional genes. These findings provide a theoretical and technical foundation for developing an ecological and sustainable strategy for controlling Danshen root rot using bio-organic fertilizer.

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游川,张驰,袁若钰,梅新兰,王孝芳,徐阳春,沈其荣,韦中.产酶溶杆菌生物有机肥对丹参根腐病的防控效果及微生态机制解析[J].土壤学报,,[待发表]
YOU Chuan, ZHANG Chi, YUAN Ruoyu, MEI Xinlan, WANG Xiaofang, XU Yangchun, SHEN Qirong, WEI Zhong. The Biocontrol Effect and Microecological Mechanism of Lysobacter enzymogenes Bio-organic fertilizer on Salvia miltiorrhiza Root Rot[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,,[In Press]

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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-25
  • 最后修改日期:2024-09-20
  • 录用日期:2024-11-19
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