【Objective】Soil aggregates are the basic units of soil structure, and soil organic carbon (SOC) is the core of soil fertility. However, the effect of freeze-thaw on soil aggregate stability and SOC characteristics in black soils and the influencing factors remain timidly understood. Thus, this study utilized the rare earth element tracer technology to investigate the turnover path of soil aggregates and the quantitative characterization of SOC under freeze-thaw action through indoor experiments. 【Method】 Black soils of cultivated and forest lands of Heshan Farm, Nenjiang City, Heilongjiang Province were used for this study. The experiments were set up considering several freeze-thaw cycles of 0, 3, 6, 10, 15, and 25 through indoor cultivation. Also, the dry and wet cycle method was used to label the soil aggregates with different grain sizes (5-2 mm, 2-0.25 mm, 0.25-0.053 mm, and < 0.053 mm) while the rare earth element concentration was determined by Na2O2 alkali fusion method. In addition, the aggregate turnover processes, the changes in soil aggregate stability (Mean weight diameter, MWD), particle size distribution, aggregate turnover paths, and SOC under freeze-thaw cycling were evaluated at the different cycles.【Result】The results showed that the freeze-thaw cycle accelerated the transition between neighboring aggregates, which led to a more drastic transition from aggregates of various particle sizes to those of 2-0.053 mm. With the increase in the number of freeze-thaw cycles, the MWD and 5-2 mm aggregate content decreased gradually while the 2-0.053 mm aggregate content increased gradually. The turnover time of soil aggregates increased with the increase in the number of freeze-thaw cycles, and the increase of 0.25-0.053 mm aggregates was the most significant. There was no significant change in the SOC content of the whole soil after freeze-thaw treatment. However, as the number of freeze-thaw cycles increased, the SOC content of 5-2 mm aggregates increased, and the SOC content of aggregates of other particle sizes decreased. 【Conclusion】Therefore, the freezing and thawing effect affects the intrinsic process of soil structure dynamics by intensifying the destruction and formation of soil aggregates in the turnover process, reducing the stability of soil structure and changing the SOC content. The results of the study further revealed the microstructural evolution characteristics of the black soil under freeze-thaw action and its quantitative characterization of SOC, thus, providing a theoretical basis for the in-depth study of the turnover of black soil aggregates of various grain sizes and soil structure changes under freeze-thaw erosion.