【Objective】Soil resilience refers to the ability of soil to restore its original properties and functions after being disturbed by anthropogenic and/or climate change. It is an important ecological indicator for achieving the sustainable utilization of soil resources. This paper aims to construct a soil resilience evaluation system suitable for large-scale applications and assess the spatial distribution characteristics of soil resilience in China. 【Method】Based on existing research results, this study refines the logic of index construction, determines four dimensions: soil properties, climatic factors, topographic influences, and biological characteristics, and sets a total of nine specific indicators. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to determine the weights of the indicators, and weighted superposition analysis is conducted to form a national spatial distribution map of soil resilience. 【Result】The results show that soil resilience in China presents a spatial pattern that gradually increases from West to East and from North to South. Nationwide, soils with high and relatively high resilience account for 25% and 39%, respectively, mainly concentrated in South and Southwest China. The areas with relatively low resilience include the Gansu and Xinjiang regions and the Loess Plateau Area. 【Conclusion】The research provides technical support and decision-making basis for establishing the evaluation of specific soil functions at the macroscopic scale in China at the theoretical and methodological level.