Phosphogypsum (PG) is an industrial by product generated from wet process phosphoric acid production, with both resource potential and environmental risks. Restricted by its huge output and limited resource utilization pathways, its large scale consumption remains challenging, which seriously hinders the green and sustainable development of China’s phosphorus chemical industry. Based on the bibliometric analysis of relevant publications from the Web of Science Core Collection spanning 2006 2026, this paper systematically reviews the generation, stockpiling and weathering processes of PG, and summarizes the research advances in its ecological utilization. Key obstacles including acid environmental stress, complex impurity components, insufficient structural stability, imbalanced nutrient supply and constrained biological processes are analyzed. By comparing the properties of PG with natural soils, a multi process coupled pedogenic driven research idea for transforming PG into constructed technosols is proposed from the perspective of ecological utilization. That is, hazard free treatment via chemical property regulation, structural improvement through physical property optimization, and functional development driven by biological processes. An artificial soil matrix with controllable environmental risks, stable substrate structure and sound ecological functions can be gradually established to achieve the synergistic goals of ecological disposal and large scale consumption of PG. This paper discusses relevant mechanisms from the aspects of acid base regulation, phosphorus fluorine stabilization, particle mineral and pore structure reconstruction, nutrient regulation and biological colonization. It is considered that soil like utilization of PG still faces challenges such as long term risk prevention and control, long term maintenance of substrate functions and large scale engineering application. Future studies should strengthen research on pedogenic driving mechanisms, ecological safety thresholds and multi solid waste synergistic regulation mechanisms, so as to establish a stable, efficient and replicable technical system for ecological utilization of PG and provide new insights for its large scale consumption.