植物物料的化学组成和腐解条件对新形成腐殖质的影响
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THE EFFECT OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND DECOMPOSITION CONDITIONS OF PLANT MATERIALS ON THE NEWLY FORMED HUMUS
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    摘要:

    植物物料的某些化学组成分与其腐解产物很相似,迄今还没有一种方法能够把两者清楚地分别开来。这为腐解过程的研究带来了很多困难。例如,已经证明,用碱液作为提取剂时,进入溶液的不仅有腐殖物质,而且也有植物物质[8],因而所得到的样品不具有很好的代表性;另一方面,由于不能将植物物料与其腐解产物加以区分,甚至连单位重量的植物物料分解一定时期后生成了多少腐殖物质也不能较准确地知道,直到现今,人们仍不得不以残留碳量来作为估量不同植物物料对土壤有机质含量贡献大小的指标。

    Abstract:

    Three kinds of plant materials, mills vetch, azolla and rice straw were mixed with a soil,of negligible organic matter content and allowed to decompose in field under upland and waterlogged condition respectively. Samples of each plant material were talen at intervals over a period of one year and were partitioned into light and heavy fractions, observations made on the soil fractions obtained by this procedure included the determination of C, N content, sugar content and fractional humus composition. Results obtained are as follows: 1. Although the difference in % of C remained of plant materials with different chemical composition decomposing under the same environments or of the same plant materials decomposing under different environments was partly due to the difference in the amount of undecomposed or/and partially decomposed plant material, it was found that plant materials differed from each other in the amount of humus they formed after 1 year decomposition according to their chemical composition and the environmental conditions under which they decomposed. 2. The composition of the newly formed humus also varied with both the kind of plant material they derived from and the environmental conditions under which they decomposed. The sugar content of humus followed the order of rice straw>milk vetch>azolla which is also held for the original plant materials. The C/N ratio of the newly formed humus was much lower than that of the native soil humus, with that derived from rice straw the largest being 7.0, and that derived from milk vetch the smallest, being 6.5. The HA/FA of humus derived from rice straw was the highest, and that from azolla was the lowest, while the optical density (at 465 μm) of HA followed the reverse order. No regular difference in fractional humus composition between humus. formed under waterlogged condition and that under upland conditions was found.

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程励励,文启孝,吴顺令,徐宁.植物物料的化学组成和腐解条件对新形成腐殖质的影响[J].土壤学报,1981,18(4):360-367. Cheng Li-li, Wen Qi-xiao, Wu Shun-ling, Xu Ning. THE EFFECT OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND DECOMPOSITION CONDITIONS OF PLANT MATERIALS ON THE NEWLY FORMED HUMUS[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,1981,18(4):360-367.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2013-02-25
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