The comparative study of purple lithomorphic soils, their parent materials and rocks showed that the indicator characters of genesis of purple lithomorphic soils were high physical weathering rate, enrichment or weak loss of elements, lower free iron content and clayization coefficient, higher silt clay ratio and the similarity of silica-alumina ratios between soils, parent materials and bed rocks. Great group of purple lithomorphic soils can be divided by comparison of free iron content, silsca-alumina ratio(<1μ) between soil and bed rock or parent material; subgroup by weathering degree; family by the combined type of partical composition, chemical composition and mineral composition; and sepcies by the soil depth, gravel content, soil erosion degree and soil water condition.