不同水稻品种对低氮反应的差异及其机制的研究
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VARIETAL DIFFERENCE OF RICE PLANTS IN RESPONSE TO N AND ITS MECHANISMS
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    摘要:

    在低氮(中度缺乏)和高N(丰足)条件下,地上部干物质生长量和稻谷产量在供试品种间的差异顺序为:汕优64>汕优6号>浙丽1号>秀水48,其中杂交稻与常规稻的差异最大,低N条件下的差异又比高N条件下的明显。结果还表明在低N条件下产量较高的品种吸收利用土壤中N素能力较强,其相关的生物学和生理学特征为:1.根系发达,根系生长量、分布密度以及根对NH4+的亲和力均较大;2.地上部干物质生产量和功能叶氮、碳同化代谢关键酶,即硝酸还原酶,各氨酸合酶,RuBP羧化酶的活力均较高。此外RuBP羧化酶活力以及其水平受氮素的提高效应也N-高效品种较明显。这些特性均可以作为筛选和鉴别N-高效作物基因型的生理生化指标。

    Abstract:

    Field and sand culture experiments were conducted to study varietal difference of rice plants in response to N levels and its physiological mechanisms. The results obtained show that at low N (mediately deficiency) and high N (sufficient) levels the biomass of the top and grain yield of the varieties tested at main growth stages decreased in the order: Shanyou 64 > Shsnyou 6 > Zheli 1 > Xiushui 48. The greatest difference was found between the hybrids and the conventional varieties, especially at a low N level. The results also show that the rice variety which could obtain higher yield at a low N rate had a greater potential of absorbing and utilizing N from the soil with following characteristics: 1) a well developed and vital root system with a greater root volume and distribution density, and a higher affinity to NH4+, i.e. with a smaller Ko value; 2) greater activities cf the key enzymes involved in the assimilation of NO3- and NH3 and photosynthesis in the leaves. All these physiological characteristics may be used as the indices for identifying and selecting N-efficient variety or genotype.

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杨肖娥,孙羲.不同水稻品种对低氮反应的差异及其机制的研究[J].土壤学报,1992,29(1):73-79. Yang Xiaoe, Sun Xi. VARIETAL DIFFERENCE OF RICE PLANTS IN RESPONSE TO N AND ITS MECHANISMS[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,1992,29(1):73-79.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2013-02-25
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