土壤微生物对施入肥料氮的固持及其动态研究
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IMMOBILIZATION OF FERTILIZER NITROGEN BY SOIL MICROBES AND ITS CHANGES
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    摘要:

    采集长期定位试验(14年)土壤(棕壤)进行盆栽试验,并应用同位素15N示踪技术研究了土壤中微生物对肥料氮的固持及其动态。结果表明,施肥后5天土壤微生物对施入化肥氮的固持达到最高,除单施氮肥处理的固持量占施入化肥氮量的5.4%外,其余各处理均在13.3%-15.4%间。施肥后土壤微生物生物量氮的增加主要来自化肥氮,后者占微生物体总氮量的64.1%-87.3%。在作物生长期间微生物固持的化肥氮逐渐释放出来,在小麦分蘖期微生物固持的化肥氮明显减少,仅占施肥量的1.72%-3.29%。在分蘖期以后微生物固持态15N的变化趋于稳定。由微生物体释放的15N量占作物吸收15N的比例除单施氮肥处理较高外,占83.7%,其它施肥处理在34.3%-54.3%间。微生物体释放的15N量与小麦吸收15N量之间存在明显的正相关(r=0.860,n=6)。

    Abstract:

    The immobilization of fertilizer N by soil microbes and its changes in brown soils of different fertilization treatments were studied by a 14-year field location experiment using the 15N isotope tracer technique. The results of pot experiment showed that the immobilization of fertilizer N by microbes in various treatments reached a maximum after 5 days of fertilization, making up 13.3%-15.4% of the nitrogen applied except single application of nitrogen. In single N treatment the immobilization of fertilizer N by microbes accounted for 5.4% of the nitrogen applied. The increase in microbial biomass N after fertilization originated mainly from fertilizer N. Fertilizer N in the biomass accounted for 64.1%-87.3% of the total microbial biomass N. The biomass N was gradually released during crop growth. At the tillering stage of wheat the immobilization of fertilizer N by microbes decreased markedly, making up only 1.72%-3.29% of nitrogen applied. After the tillering stage the biomass 15N tended towards stable. 15N released by biomass accounted for 34.3%-54.3% of 15N absorbed by crop in different fertilization treatments except the application of alone fertilizer N. There existed a close relationship between the 15N released by biomass and the 15N absorbed by wheat(r=0.860).

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韩晓日,郭鹏程,陈恩凤,邹德乙.土壤微生物对施入肥料氮的固持及其动态研究[J].土壤学报,1998,35(3):412-418. DOI:10.11766/trxb199604210317 Han Xiao-ri, Guo Peng-cheng, Chen En-feng, Zou De-yi. IMMOBILIZATION OF FERTILIZER NITROGEN BY SOIL MICROBES AND ITS CHANGES[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,1998,35(3):412-418.

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  • 收稿日期:1996-04-21
  • 最后修改日期:1997-10-15
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  • 在线发布日期: 2013-02-25
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