The black soil region is an important food base of China It plays a crucial role in food safety and national economy But few studies on spatial characteristics of environmental capacity of black soil were reported In this article spatial characteristics of the environment capacity of the black soil region in Heilongjiang Province are studied based on GIS The results show that the relative environment capacity of a single element and the comprehensive environment capacity of the region are both quite high,generally above 0.45 and even over 0.75 in quite a number of areas In terms of the comprehensive environment capacity,the area high in capacity(Rc>0.75) amounts to 19132.48 km² or 26.84% of the total region,the area moderate in capacity(0.45 Rc 0.75) to 49605.00 km² or 69.74% of the total,the area low in capacity(0 Rc<0.45) to 2112.09 km² or 2.97% of the total and the area overloaded in capacity(Rc<0) to 316.62 km² or 0.45% of the total These are indicators revealing that the geochemistry environment of the black soil region is quite advantageous to sustainable development of the agriculture and the development of green food in the region.