高温高压间歇灭菌对中国典型土壤性质的影响
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国家自然科学基金项目(40971129)和江苏省青年科技创新人才项目(BK2007535)


Influence of autoclaving sterilization on properties of typical soils in China
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    摘要:

    以中国8种典型土壤(砂质潮土、壤质潮土、黄泥土、乌栅土、红壤土、红粘土、赤红壤和砖红壤)为代表,评价它们在经过高温高压间歇灭菌前后主要性质的变化,包括土壤有机质(OM)、比表面积(SSA)、pH、阳离子交换量(CEC)、游离铁铝氧化物(Fed,Ald)、电荷零点(ZPC),同时比较土壤灭菌前后的细菌、真菌、放线菌的数量,以评估灭菌效果。结果表明,除了砂质潮土和红壤土高温高压灭菌后OM含量显著增加外,其他6种土壤的OM含量受该灭菌方法的影响不大;酸性和有机质含量高的土壤,pH受高温高压灭菌影响较大,而碱性和有机质含量低的土壤则影响不大;所有研究土壤的SSA均显著降低,而CEC和Fed,Ald没有显著变化;四种可变电荷土壤中,红粘土、赤红壤和砖红壤的电荷零点(ZPC)没有变化,而红壤土的ZPC则显著降低,且未出现于本研究测定的pH范围内(pH=2.5-8);该方法虽然能显著降低细菌、真菌、放线菌的数量,但不能达到理想的完全去除土壤微生物的目的。由于土壤是一个复杂的多物质体系,受高温高压灭菌导致其性质变化还有很多未发现未挖掘的现象和机理,因此进一步的研究非常必要。

    Abstract:

    Autoclaving sterilization, which was usually used for soil sterilization, was generally to evaluate the effect of autochthonous microorganisms on the study purpose. But the physical, chemical and microbiological properties of soil samples which were autoclaved may changed during the sterilization process, and then led to the effect of autochthonous microorganisms was covered up. Basic propertie, including organic matter(OM), specific surface area (SSA), pH, cation-exchange capacity (CEC), free iron/ aluminium oxides(Fed,Ald) and zero point of charge (ZPC), of the eight typical soils(Usti-Sandic primosols, Usti-Alluvic Primosols, Hapli-Stagnic Anthrosols, Gleyi-Stagnic Anthrosols, Ferri-Udic cambosols, Argi-Argiudic Ferrosols, Alliti-Argiudic Ferrosols, Rhodi-Udic Ferralosols) in China were analysed in this study. The value of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes were also analysed to determine the effect of the sterilization treatment. The results showed that the OM was not affected by autoclaving excepted for Usti-Sandic primosol and Ferri-Udic cambosols. The pH varied obviously in the soils which had lower pH and higher organic matter content, while changed little in the soils with higher pH and lower organic matter content. The SSA of all the studied soil decreased significantly after sterilization, while there was no significant change for CEC and Fed,Ald between unsterilized and sterilized soils. The zero point of charge (ZPC) of the four variable charge soils was titrated, and the results showed that ZPC of the Ferri-Udic cambosols was decreased by autoclaving, while ZPC of the other three soils was not changed. Although the value of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes were decreased significantly after autoclaving, the ideal condition of disappearance of all was not achieved. It is possible that more phenomena and mechanism in soil autoclaving are required to validate the finding.

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张辉.高温高压间歇灭菌对中国典型土壤性质的影响[J].土壤学报,2011,48(3):540-548. DOI:10.11766/trxb200909160420 zhang hui. Influence of autoclaving sterilization on properties of typical soils in China[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2011,48(3):540-548.

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  • 收稿日期:2009-09-16
  • 最后修改日期:2010-03-27
  • 录用日期:2010-05-20
  • 在线发布日期: 2010-12-17
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