滇池沉积物铵态氮的时空变化特征研究
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国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2005AA601010-02-5-03)、教育部“春晖计划”和中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室开放基金资助


Spatial and temporal variations of ammonium nitrogen in sediments of Lake Dianchi,China
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    摘要:

    沉积物在湖泊氮、磷循环和水体富营养化过程中起着重要作用。本研究应用GPS定位技术,于2003年5月至2004年5月,对滇池海埂、斗南、罗家村、新街、昆阳等5个代表性样点沉积物铵态氮含量进行为期1 a的动态监测,全面分析了滇池不同区域、不同层次、不同时期沉积物铵态氮的动态变化特征。结果表明,滇池沉积物铵态氮平均含量为74.57 mg kg-1,全湖沉积物铵态氮平均含量年变化范围是45.55~170.1mg kg-1。沉积物铵态氮因季节变化其变化幅度很大,各区域沉积物铵态氮含量总体趋势夏季高、冬季低,但不同位点变化高峰和趋势不同。不同层次沉积物铵态氮含量变化随季节而变化,夏季为表层(0~5 cm)>中层(5~10 cm)>底层(10~20 cm),冬季为中层>表层和底层。表层、中层、底层沉积物铵态氮含量的变化范围分别为18.71~172.9mg kg-1、 29.55~192.2mg kg-1、19.93~123.8mg kg-1。 各区域沉积物铵态氮平均含量以罗家村最高,斗南最低。沉积物铵态氮与水体铵态氮、水体pH呈显著正相关,与沉积物有效磷呈显著负相关,暗示了沉积物铵态氮是水体氮的源和库,并影响着沉积物中磷的释放。

    Abstract:

    Sediments play an important role in nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycling and eutrophication in lakes. Spatial and temporal variations of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) in sediments were monitored for one year (May 2003-May 2004) at 5 sampling sites (Haigeng, Dounan, Luojiacun, Xinjie and Kunyang) typical of Lake Dianchi with the aid of the GPS technology, for analysis of characteristics of dynamic variations of NH4+-N in sediments of different depth, different times and different regions of the lake. Results show that the NH4+-N contents in the sediments averaged 74.57mg kg-1 and varied in the range of 45.55~170.1 mg kg-1within a year. It varied sharply with seasons, showing a general trend of being high in summer and low in winter, but the trend differed slightly from site to site NH4+-N contents in sediments also varied significantly with depths, showing a trend of surface (0~5cm) > middle (5~10cm) > bottom (10~20cm) in summer and of middle > surface >bottom in winter. In three layers of sediments it varied in the range of 18.71~172.9 mg kg-1, 29.55~192.2 mg kg-1 and 19.93~123.8 mg kg-1, separately. In terms of mean NH4+-N content, Luojiacun was the highest and Dounan was the lowest. NH4+-N in the sediments showed an extremely significant positive correlation with NH4+-N in and pH of the waterbody, but a significant negative correlation with available-P in the sediments, which indicates sediment NH4+-N is the source and sink of NH4+-N in the waterbody and influence release of phosphorus from the sediments.

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陈永川,张德刚,汤利.滇池沉积物铵态氮的时空变化特征研究[J].土壤学报,2010,47(6):1180-1187. DOI:10.11766/trxb200909170421 CHEN Yong-chuan. Spatial and temporal variations of ammonium nitrogen in sediments of Lake Dianchi, China[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2010,47(6):1180-1187.

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  • 收稿日期:2009-09-17
  • 最后修改日期:2010-02-07
  • 录用日期:2010-04-26
  • 在线发布日期: 2010-08-31
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